One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly. The telegraph spread very quickly and a network of wires stretched around the world.
In 1837, the American painter and physicist Samuel Morse invented the first electromagnetic device for telegraphy, patented in 1840. To send messages by wire, Morse developed in 1838 a simple code of dots and dashes, which represented the letters of the alphabet, known as "Morse code ".
Both Morse code and the telegraph machine were improved over time, with the telegraph becoming the most widespread system of communication and information transmission for more than a century, until the advent of the Internet. The telegraph system consisted of a series of stations repeaters along the transmission line route. Each station had an operator who received and transmitted messages by telegraph. The Morse machine transmitted about 25 words per minute, which were recorded in code on a paper tape. The operator in charge of transmitting the message would decode it and write it on paper using a special typewriter.
In Bessarabia, the telegraph entered in 1860: on April 8, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, the one in Chisinau, following the construction of the first Odesa-Chisinau-Leova telegraph line. Currently, telegraph services have been discontinued. The only ones who still use coded communication are radio amateurs.
The Morse telegraph machine shown comes from the Osinoostrovsky electrotechnical plant, Soviet Union, and dates back to 1934. The exhibit was restored by Mihail Culașco.
The culture and science of Moldova in the 20th century: Personalities
(Permanent Exhibition “History and Civilization”)
This department of the exhibition reflects some aspects of the cultural and scientific life of post-war Moldova through the prism of the activities of outstanding people in various fields: literature, theater, music, cinema, science and education.
Despite the political regime and red terror established in the MSSR after 1944, the Moldavian society followed the laws of dialectics and continued to develop. As a result, the Soviet era was marked not only by horrors, exceptional measures or terror, but also by outstanding achievements in the fields o science, culture, economics, medicine, and so on. The enlightened minds of the nation resisted the policy of assimilation and denationalization; they built, raised children, created valuable works, defended and promoted the national cultural and historical heritage. The creations of these figures represent a genuine cultural and scientific heritage, the value of which will grow over the years.
The relics presented in the exhibition department bring to the forefront the life and work of famous personalities of culture and national science, such as film directors Emil Loteanu and Valeriu Gagiu, actors Eugeniu Ureche and Domnica Darienco, Mihai Volontir and Grigore Grigoriu, artists Mihail Grecu, diva of the national opera Maria Bieşu, actors and such as theatre directors Ion Ungureanu and Sandri Ion Şcurea, Valeriu Cupcea and Veniamin Apostol, academicians Nicolae Corlăteanu and Ilie Untilă, Sergiu Rădăuţanu and Anton Ablov, doctors Nicolae Testemiţanu and Natalia Gheorghiu, writers Andrei Lupan and Aureliu Busuioc, Grigore Vieru and Ion Vatamanu, Dumitru Matcovschi and Leonida Lari, and others.
One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
