#Exhibit of the Month

One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly. The telegraph spread very quickly and a network of wires stretched around the world.

In 1837, the American painter and physicist Samuel Morse invented the first electromagnetic device for telegraphy, patented in 1840. To send messages by wire, Morse developed in 1838 a simple code of dots and dashes, which represented the letters of the alphabet, known as "Morse code ".

Both Morse code and the telegraph machine were improved over time, with the telegraph becoming the most widespread system of communication and information transmission for more than a century, until the advent of the Internet. The telegraph system consisted of a series of stations repeaters along the transmission line route. Each station had an operator who received and transmitted messages by telegraph. The Morse machine transmitted about 25 words per minute, which were recorded in code on a paper tape. The operator in charge of transmitting the message would decode it and write it on paper using a special typewriter.

In Bessarabia, the telegraph entered in 1860: on April 8, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, the one in Chisinau, following the construction of the first Odesa-Chisinau-Leova telegraph line. Currently, telegraph services have been discontinued. The only ones who still use coded communication are radio amateurs.

The Morse telegraph machine shown comes from the Osinoostrovsky electrotechnical plant, Soviet Union, and dates back to 1934. The exhibit was restored by Mihail Culașco.

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Events Archive

Actions dedicated to the Day of Commemoration of the Victims of the Famine organized in 1946-1947

Avdarma, April 20, 2024

On April 20, 2024, the Museum of Victims of Deportations and Political Repressions, NMHM in cooperation with the Association of Former Deportees and Political Prisoners of Moldova and in partnership with the Avdarma History Museum, ATU Gagauzia, the Institute of History, MSU, the State University of Comrat, the Regional Directorate Education UTA Găgăuzia, and the ProMemoria Institute Public Association organized the scientific-practical conference for schoolteachers from UTA Gagauzia with the generic "Teaching of the optional subject for the 9th, 12th grades «The totalitarian-communist regime: repression and resistance movement»". The event was attended by university professors, scientific researchers, schoolteachers, museographers.

The conference held in the context of the Day of Commemoration of the Famine Victims organized in 1946-1947 started with the laying of flowers at the Memorial of Famine Victims in the village of Avdarma, ATU Gagauzia.

In the section of communications and debates, the curriculum of the optional subject "The totalitarian-communist regime: repression and the resistance movement" and the theoretical-methodological materials recommended for the organization and teaching of the course in ATU Gagauzia were presented. In particular, the participants discussed the issues of the history of the organized famine of 1946-1947 and the impact of this phenomenon on the localities in the south of the Moldovan SSR.

During the event, the curriculum of the optional subject "The totalitarian-communist regime: repression and resistance movement" (2024), the collection "Can Acisi / Боль души" (2022) with oral history works were distributed to school teachers as a donation of students from the village of Avdarma on the subject of the famine of 1946-1947 in the village of Avdarma, the collection "Soviet state terror and resistance to the totalitarian regime. Хроника очень выбор 1917-1991 годов" (2017), the volume of documents "Голод в Мольдове", coord. Anatol Țaranu (1993), and the collection of documents "Православие в Молдове", vol. I (1940-1953), vol. II (1953-1960), vol. III (1961-1975), vol. IV (1976 -1991), coord. Valeriu Pasat.

At the end of the event, the official transmission of the Partnership Agreement between the National History Museum of Moldova and the Avdarma History Museum took place. The parties were represented by the Head of the Museum of Victims of Deportations and Political Repressions, branch of the National History Museum of Moldova, dr. Ludmila Cojocari and the Director of the Avdarma History Museum, Mrs. Elena Caramit.