#Exhibit of the Month

One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly. The telegraph spread very quickly and a network of wires stretched around the world.

In 1837, the American painter and physicist Samuel Morse invented the first electromagnetic device for telegraphy, patented in 1840. To send messages by wire, Morse developed in 1838 a simple code of dots and dashes, which represented the letters of the alphabet, known as "Morse code ".

Both Morse code and the telegraph machine were improved over time, with the telegraph becoming the most widespread system of communication and information transmission for more than a century, until the advent of the Internet. The telegraph system consisted of a series of stations repeaters along the transmission line route. Each station had an operator who received and transmitted messages by telegraph. The Morse machine transmitted about 25 words per minute, which were recorded in code on a paper tape. The operator in charge of transmitting the message would decode it and write it on paper using a special typewriter.

In Bessarabia, the telegraph entered in 1860: on April 8, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, the one in Chisinau, following the construction of the first Odesa-Chisinau-Leova telegraph line. Currently, telegraph services have been discontinued. The only ones who still use coded communication are radio amateurs.

The Morse telegraph machine shown comes from the Osinoostrovsky electrotechnical plant, Soviet Union, and dates back to 1934. The exhibit was restored by Mihail Culașco.

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Events Archive

Launch of the work "Monetary circulation in Bessarabia (1812–1944)" and donation of valuable awards by the Academy of Sciences of Moldova to the National Museum of History of Moldova

March 30, 2023

On March 30, 2023, the Academy of Sciences of Moldova organized the presentation event of the book "Monetary circulation in Bessarabia (1812-1944)" written by teacher Marian Bolum from the "Manolache Costache Epureanu" Secondary School in Bârlad, Romania. The volume was presented by Dr. Viorel M. Butnariu, from the Institute of History "A. D. Xenopol" from Iasi, Romania, in the Lecture Hall of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova.

The event moderated by acad. Grigore Belostecinic and Dr. hab. Liliana Condraticova gathered numerous specialists and professionals, such as choir members. of ASM, Alexandru Stratan and Dr. Hab., Prof. Univ. Dragoș Cimpoies, from the Technical University of Moldova and ASM, Ph.D., Prof. Univ. Oleg Stratulat, head of the Investments and Banking Activity Department of the Moldovan Academy of Economic Studies, Dr. Ana Boldureanu and Dr. Elena Arcuș-Jantovan from the National Museum of History of Moldova, Livia Sîrbu, deputy director of the National Museum of History of Moldova, Dr. Sergiu Matveev, Moldova State University, Dr. Teodor Candu, National Museum of Ethnography and Natural History), etc.

Also, during the event, the Academy of Sciences of Moldova handed over a valuable set of awards to the National Museum of History of Moldova, including important medals and badges such as the "Nicolae Milescu Spătarul" medal of ASM, the "Dimitrie Cantemir" medal of ASM, the "Scientific Merit" medal 2nd class of ASM, the "Scientific Merit" medal 1st class of ASM, the badge "Member of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova" and the medal "Laureate of the Prize of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova". Livia Sîrbu, NMHM deputy director, thanked the Academy of Sciences of Moldova for this generous donation.

The event took place within the Scientific Platform "Economic Security, Migration and Demographic Transformations" coordinated by acad. Grigore Belostecinic and mem. choir. Alexandru Stratan, members of the Social Sciences, Economic, Humanities and Arts Section of AȘM, launched at ASM, on May 5, 2020, as well as of the Academic Commission "Socioeconomic Security" created by ASM Presidium Decision no. 62 of January 30, 2023.