One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly. The telegraph spread very quickly and a network of wires stretched around the world.
In 1837, the American painter and physicist Samuel Morse invented the first electromagnetic device for telegraphy, patented in 1840. To send messages by wire, Morse developed in 1838 a simple code of dots and dashes, which represented the letters of the alphabet, known as "Morse code ".
Both Morse code and the telegraph machine were improved over time, with the telegraph becoming the most widespread system of communication and information transmission for more than a century, until the advent of the Internet. The telegraph system consisted of a series of stations repeaters along the transmission line route. Each station had an operator who received and transmitted messages by telegraph. The Morse machine transmitted about 25 words per minute, which were recorded in code on a paper tape. The operator in charge of transmitting the message would decode it and write it on paper using a special typewriter.
In Bessarabia, the telegraph entered in 1860: on April 8, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, the one in Chisinau, following the construction of the first Odesa-Chisinau-Leova telegraph line. Currently, telegraph services have been discontinued. The only ones who still use coded communication are radio amateurs.
The Morse telegraph machine shown comes from the Osinoostrovsky electrotechnical plant, Soviet Union, and dates back to 1934. The exhibit was restored by Mihail Culașco.
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VI [XXI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Cette contribution porte sur la dynamique des centuriations d’origine romaine de la plaine centrale de Venise, limitée par la lagune et les Alpes d’une part, les fleuves Brenta et Piave de l’autre. Il s’agit d’évaluer la nature des interactions entre les morphologies agraires héritées de l’arpentage antique et les sociétés historiques, médiévales et modernes, qui intègrent, en le transformant, l’héritage antique.
Liste des figures:
Fig. 1. Organisation théorique d’une centuriation de 20 actus de module (710 m) et disposition des coordonnées de deux centuries. Deux modes de division interne sont proposés. Fig. 2. a - Miniatures des manuscrits Arcerianus (en haut) et Palatinus (en bas). Elles représentent la ville de co- lonia Iulia édifiée dans une plaine délimitée par la mer et une chaîne montagneuse. Le territoire est divisé par une centuriation dont les deux axes majeurs se croisent au centre de la ville; b - Cippe gromatique de Grantorto (Cittadella). Il s’agit d’un parallélépipède de plus de 1,60 m de haut portant un decussis sur la tranche et le texte iuss(u) ter(minus) n(ovatus) / U(ltra) K(ardinem) VII; sur le flanc S(inistra) D(ecumanum) VIII. Il est daté du Ier s. ap. J.-C. et indique l’intersection du decumanus VIII à gauche du decumanus maximus et du kardo VII au-delà du kardo maximus. Fig. 3. Vue aérienne verticale du Graticolato romano à l’ouest de Mirano. Fig. 4. Carte géomorphologique et hydrographique de la plaine centrale de Venise. Légende: 1 - plaine alluviale ancienne du Brenta (tardiglaciaire); 2 - alluvions récentes (holocène); 3 - bourrelets alluviaux anciens et récents; 4 - dépressions d’inter-cône du Musone; 5 - plaine alluviale du Piave; 6 - limite septentrionale de la résurgence des eaux; 7 - courbe de niveau (eq. 5 m); 8 - hydrographie moderne et contemporaine; 9 - bourgs fortifiés (XIIe-XIIIe s.). Fig. 5. Centuriations et circulation des eaux, de Bassano à Mirano. Fig. 6. Morphologie de la centuriation entre Cittadella et Castelfranco Veneto. Les flèches externes indiquent le carroyage théorique de la centuriation. Fig. 7. Morphologie de deux centuries de la centuriation au nord-est de Padoue. Les trois limites intercisivi sont représentés en pointillés.
Robin Brigand, Andrei Asăndulesei, Ionuț Nicu Cristi
Autour de la station éponyme de Cucuteni: paysage et peuplement (Valea Oii, Iași, Roumanie)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VIII [XXIII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Marius Alexianu, Olivier Weller, Robin Brigand, Roxana-Gabriela Curcă
Recherches ethnoarchéologiques sur les sources salées de la Moldavie précarpatique
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. II [XVII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
