One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly. The telegraph spread very quickly and a network of wires stretched around the world.
In 1837, the American painter and physicist Samuel Morse invented the first electromagnetic device for telegraphy, patented in 1840. To send messages by wire, Morse developed in 1838 a simple code of dots and dashes, which represented the letters of the alphabet, known as "Morse code ".
Both Morse code and the telegraph machine were improved over time, with the telegraph becoming the most widespread system of communication and information transmission for more than a century, until the advent of the Internet. The telegraph system consisted of a series of stations repeaters along the transmission line route. Each station had an operator who received and transmitted messages by telegraph. The Morse machine transmitted about 25 words per minute, which were recorded in code on a paper tape. The operator in charge of transmitting the message would decode it and write it on paper using a special typewriter.
In Bessarabia, the telegraph entered in 1860: on April 8, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, the one in Chisinau, following the construction of the first Odesa-Chisinau-Leova telegraph line. Currently, telegraph services have been discontinued. The only ones who still use coded communication are radio amateurs.
The Morse telegraph machine shown comes from the Osinoostrovsky electrotechnical plant, Soviet Union, and dates back to 1934. The exhibit was restored by Mihail Culașco.
Ekaterinovka – single-layer settlement of the Sântana de Mureș-Chernyakhov culture
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IX [XXIV], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică Chișinău, 2015
Abstract
In 1978, on a single-layer settlement of the Sântana de Mureș-Chernyakhov culture near the village of Ecaterinovca (Cimișlia District) rescue excavations were carried out. On an area of a bout 1,800 sq. m. there were identified three ground pillar structures, one of which served as a dwelling while the other two were of household destination, a dugout without heating facilities, two storage pits with burnt walls, garbage pits, many pits of poles, as well as a remote wattle-and-daub frame oven. In one of the storage pits there were found five whole vessels: three large seed vessels with the remnants of charred millet, a massive wide-necked red-figure amphora with fluted body and helmet bottom, and a narrow-necked gray-clay single-handed jug. The range of fine and cooking ware is common for sites of this culture. Fragments of rough and smooth gray wheel-made pottery prevail; there are fragments of amphorae made of red clay and light-colored clay. The percentage of hand-modeled ceramics is negligible. There were found individual objects made of clay, iron, stone, bone, glass, and bronze. Based on the dating of the widenecked amphora and a bronze fibula the Ecaterinovca settlement dates back to the 4th century.
List of illustrations: Fig. 1. Location of the Ecaterinovca settlement on the topographic map (1) and the map of the Republic of Moldova (2). Fig. 2. Ecaterinovca. Plan of the bottom part of the excavation III. Fig. 3. Ecaterinovca. Excavation III. Plans and sections of structures: 1 - pit 1A, 2 - pit 2A, 3 - oven 1. Fig. 4. Ecaterinovca. Plan of the bottom part of the excavation IV. Fig. 5. Ecaterinovca. Individual founds: 1-4 - of glass and glass paste; 6, 8, 11 - of iron; 7 - of bronze; 9, 12, 13, 15 - of clay; 14, 16 - of stone. Fig. 6. Ecaterinovca. Excavation IV. Plans and sections of structures: 1 - pit 1A, 2 - dugout 1. Fig. 7. Ecaterinovca. Pottery: 1-3 - from the filling of the pit 1A, excavation IV; 4 - from the filling of the pit 1A, excavation III. Fig. 8. Ecaterinovca. Pottery from the filling of the pit 1A, excavation IV.
Иван Власенко
Multi-layered settlement Rudi XX (excavations in 1982)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XI [XXVI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Иван Власенко
The results of archaeological exploration in central and northern regions of the Republic of Moldova
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VI [XXI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Иван Власенко
Late residential compounds of the early medieval settlement Rudi
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. II [XVII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Иван Власенко
Hallstatt cultural-chronological horizons of multilevel settlement Ivancea II
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. I [XVI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică Chișinău, 2007
Иван Власенко
Defensive system of citadel Mereșeuca-Cetățuie
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IV [XIX], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
