One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly. The telegraph spread very quickly and a network of wires stretched around the world.
In 1837, the American painter and physicist Samuel Morse invented the first electromagnetic device for telegraphy, patented in 1840. To send messages by wire, Morse developed in 1838 a simple code of dots and dashes, which represented the letters of the alphabet, known as "Morse code ".
Both Morse code and the telegraph machine were improved over time, with the telegraph becoming the most widespread system of communication and information transmission for more than a century, until the advent of the Internet. The telegraph system consisted of a series of stations repeaters along the transmission line route. Each station had an operator who received and transmitted messages by telegraph. The Morse machine transmitted about 25 words per minute, which were recorded in code on a paper tape. The operator in charge of transmitting the message would decode it and write it on paper using a special typewriter.
In Bessarabia, the telegraph entered in 1860: on April 8, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, the one in Chisinau, following the construction of the first Odesa-Chisinau-Leova telegraph line. Currently, telegraph services have been discontinued. The only ones who still use coded communication are radio amateurs.
The Morse telegraph machine shown comes from the Osinoostrovsky electrotechnical plant, Soviet Union, and dates back to 1934. The exhibit was restored by Mihail Culașco.
From the history of legal institutions in MSSR (1978-1991)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. V [XX], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
The institutional development of the legal system of SSRM in period 1978-1991 represents an important factor of the independence of the Republic of Moldova. The year 1978 is a landmark, it is the year when the Constitution of SSRM was adopted, highlighting the importance of legal institutions. Chapter VIII of the Constitution presents the juridical institutions, such as the Supreme Court, district courthouses, the General Prosecution Office and the Arbitration.
Among the measures that contributed to the evolution of the juridical system from SSRM we mention the adoption of the Law on the adoption of the Regulation of lawyers from SSRM from 21st November 1980 (No.526-X), the Law on the judicial organization of SSRM (No. 1351-X) from 4th December 1981, the Law on the election of district (town) courthouses in SSRM (No. 1352-X), the Decision of the Supreme Council on the election of the Supreme Court in SSRM from 1977, 1980, 1985 and 1990, the Decrees of the Presidium of the Parliament of SSRM from 6th, 14th and 17th July 1987 regarding the state Arbitration in SSRM.
The soviet legal system, although rich in modifications and reforms, proved to be imperfect, and the legal system of the Republic of Moldova, as its inheritor, continues unfortunately to reproduce it until the present.
One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.