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One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly. The telegraph spread very quickly and a network of wires stretched around the world.

In 1837, the American painter and physicist Samuel Morse invented the first electromagnetic device for telegraphy, patented in 1840. To send messages by wire, Morse developed in 1838 a simple code of dots and dashes, which represented the letters of the alphabet, known as "Morse code ".

Both Morse code and the telegraph machine were improved over time, with the telegraph becoming the most widespread system of communication and information transmission for more than a century, until the advent of the Internet. The telegraph system consisted of a series of stations repeaters along the transmission line route. Each station had an operator who received and transmitted messages by telegraph. The Morse machine transmitted about 25 words per minute, which were recorded in code on a paper tape. The operator in charge of transmitting the message would decode it and write it on paper using a special typewriter.

In Bessarabia, the telegraph entered in 1860: on April 8, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, the one in Chisinau, following the construction of the first Odesa-Chisinau-Leova telegraph line. Currently, telegraph services have been discontinued. The only ones who still use coded communication are radio amateurs.

The Morse telegraph machine shown comes from the Osinoostrovsky electrotechnical plant, Soviet Union, and dates back to 1934. The exhibit was restored by Mihail Culașco.

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Publications Journal „Tyragetia"   vol. II [XVII], nr. 2


Les contacts et les relations entre les Roumains et les Russes kiéviens aux IX-ième et X-ième siècles
ISSN 1857-0240
E-ISSN 2537-6330

Les contacts et les relations entre les Roumains et les Russes kiéviens aux IX-ième et X-ième siècles

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. II [XVII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie

Suite à l’analyse des sources écrites et historiographiques portant sur le territoire de l’Est des Carpates et des habitants de cet espace, on peut constater leur habitation par les Roumains spécifiés par une onomastique ruralisée, claire et avec une hydronymie particulière, ayant différentes occupations et fonctions, surtout militaires. Leur interaction avec les Russes kiéviens a eu un caractère disparate, étant attestés dans les confrontations avec le prince Oleg par le nom de Tivertzi encore en 885. Le siècle suivant, à côté des effectifs russes, ils vont participer aux campagnes de guerre contre le Byzance dans les années 907 (911) et 944, caractérisés aussi par le terme de Tolkoviny. En construisant des forteresses sur la rive droite du Dniestr, certaines d’entre elles bâties avec l’aide du tribu slave des Ulici, ils se sont opposés à l’imposition de la domination du prince de Kiev. Après la campagne au sud du Danube du prince Svjatoslav en 971, les Roumains sont identifiés parmi les effectifs des Petchenègues par de fonction de direction, en attaquant les forces russes pendant leur retour aux Seuils du Dniepr lors duquel le prince kiévien sera tué. La découverte d’une inscription parmi les Petchenègues touraniens certifie l’utilisation et l’imposition de l’écriture slavone, ou bien du grec ou latin, probablement par les Roumains qui cohabitaient avec les Nomades au Dniestr ou au Bas du Danube.

De façon plus générale, les relations entre les Roumains et les voisins du nord sont présentées sous quelques aspects de cohabitation. En premier chef, par le contact avec les tribus des Slaves de l’Est où les Roumains étaient nommés par le terme géographique Tivertzi, comme métathèse du mot tirevtzi, dérivé du hydronyme de l’antique Tyras. En même temps ce mot signifie une relation de voisinage – la plus ancienne chronique russe Povest’ vremennych let ignorait le rivière Prout et d’autres fleuves de l’Ouest du Dniestr. Ultérieurement, avec l’apparition des Scandinaves qui lançaient des campagnes de guerre vers Constantinople et vu la nécessité de les utiliser en tant qu’interprètes, les Roumains étaient appelés Tolkoviny. La variante précoce de l’ethnonyme Volohi a été reprise dans la Chronique russe de Nestor à la lumière d’une source de Grande Moravie écrite en latin et désignait de la sorte les Roumains du milieu du Danube et de Pannonie, conformément à la perception des Slaves d’Ouest.

Vlad D. Ghimpu
Paleo-Christian churches in the Romanian area in the early Middle Ages
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. X [XXV], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Vlad D. Ghimpu
Canonical rules and the actual orientation of altars in early Christian churches. Ancient and early medieval places of worship in Romanian lands
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XII [XXVII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Vlad D. Ghimpu
Basarabi-Murfatlar and Corbii de Piatră – about the Crimean influence on the architecture of the Romanian churches of the early Middle Ages
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XI [XXVI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Vlad D. Ghimpu
What was the original structural plan of the Church of the Assumption of Our Lady in the Căpriana Monastery?)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VII [XXII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Vlad D. Ghimpu
St. George’s Church in Chișinău (1819)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. I [XVI], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie Chișinău, 2007



 

 

Independent Moldova
Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic
Bessarabia and MASSR between the Two World Wars
Bessarabia and Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the Period between the Two World Wars
Revival of National Movement
Time of Reforms and their Consequences
Abolition of Autonomy. Bessarabia – a New Tsarist Colony
Period of Relative Autonomy of Bessarabia within the Russian Empire
Phanariot Regime
Golden Age of the Romanian Culture
Struggle for Maintaining of Independence of Moldova
Formation of Independent Medieval State of Moldova
Era of the
Great Nomad Migrations
Early Middle Ages
Iron Age and Antiquity
Bronze Age
Aeneolithic Age
Neolithic Age
Palaeolithic Age
  
  

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#Exhibit of the Month

One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly...

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The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2024 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC

 



The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2024 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC

menu
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2024 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC