One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly. The telegraph spread very quickly and a network of wires stretched around the world.
In 1837, the American painter and physicist Samuel Morse invented the first electromagnetic device for telegraphy, patented in 1840. To send messages by wire, Morse developed in 1838 a simple code of dots and dashes, which represented the letters of the alphabet, known as "Morse code ".
Both Morse code and the telegraph machine were improved over time, with the telegraph becoming the most widespread system of communication and information transmission for more than a century, until the advent of the Internet. The telegraph system consisted of a series of stations repeaters along the transmission line route. Each station had an operator who received and transmitted messages by telegraph. The Morse machine transmitted about 25 words per minute, which were recorded in code on a paper tape. The operator in charge of transmitting the message would decode it and write it on paper using a special typewriter.
In Bessarabia, the telegraph entered in 1860: on April 8, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, the one in Chisinau, following the construction of the first Odesa-Chisinau-Leova telegraph line. Currently, telegraph services have been discontinued. The only ones who still use coded communication are radio amateurs.
The Morse telegraph machine shown comes from the Osinoostrovsky electrotechnical plant, Soviet Union, and dates back to 1934. The exhibit was restored by Mihail Culașco.
Notes and the ex-libris of Archimandrite Dosoftei Crihană. Case study
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. X [XXV], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Keywords: Archimandrite Dosoftei Crihană, hieromonk, notes, ex-libris, Sulina, old Romanian book, Northern Dobrudja area.
Abstract: In this paper we emphasize the importance of the notes made on old books in the writing of historical works and biographies. This case study refers to Archimandrite Dosoftei Crihană (born in 1842 or 1843 [1840?], Cudalbi Village, Galați County - died in 1920, Galați), a great servant of the church and well-known confessor in the Northern Dobrudja area. Around 1860 he was the inhabitant of the Celic Dere Monastery (Tulcea County) and was ordained a hieromonk in 1864. He also served near Satu Nou-Delta (today C.A. Rosetti Village), at Sulina and was the last abbot of Taița Monastery in 1877-1878. Later, he was sent as parish priest to the old Saint Nicholas Cathedral in Sulina, where he served until 1910.
Books from the library of Archimandrite were with him in his trials of life and on their pages he personally noted numerous events of autobiographical, historical, and social nature or referring to his own activity. Thus, in the Prayer-book of 1833 published in Sibiu he noted his father's death in 1861, and in the Psalms printed in Iasi in 1835 he wrote about the death of his mother and one of his brothers. Some copies were in circulation in the Northern Dobrudja area and not kept in the collections of Tulcea, while others are in the Tulcea museum collections, at the Cocoș Monastery or in the church of C.A. Rosetti Village. Besides the informative notes, some books have inscriptions with the name of the owner and the ex-libris of the Archimandrite.
List of illustrations: 1. Archimandrite Dosoftei Crihană (reproduction of Postolache 2010, 9). 2-3. The Psalter of the Prophet and King David, Iași, 1835 Title page and page 132 with notes (Gavrilă Simion Eco-Museum Research Institute Tulcea). 4. The Psalter of the Prophet and King David, Iași, 1835 Notes on 1869 and 1882 (Gavrilă Simion Eco-Museum Research Institute Tulcea). 5. The Psalter of the Prophet and King David, Iași, 1835 Notes on 1872 and 1880 (Gavrilă Simion Eco-Museum Research Institute Tulcea). 6-7. The Service of the Small Blessing of Water, Iași, 1823 Notes on 1907 and 1881 (Cocoș Monastery, Tulcea). 8. The ex-libris «Archimandrite Dosoftei Chrihană 1880». 9. Other ex-librises.
Lăcrămioara Manea
On publishing activity of Metropolitan Gavriil Bănulescu-Bodoni (1808-1812, 1813-1821) and the presence of old Romanian books in the collections of Northern Dobrudja
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IX [XXIV], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie Chișinău, 2015
One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
