One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly. The telegraph spread very quickly and a network of wires stretched around the world.
In 1837, the American painter and physicist Samuel Morse invented the first electromagnetic device for telegraphy, patented in 1840. To send messages by wire, Morse developed in 1838 a simple code of dots and dashes, which represented the letters of the alphabet, known as "Morse code ".
Both Morse code and the telegraph machine were improved over time, with the telegraph becoming the most widespread system of communication and information transmission for more than a century, until the advent of the Internet. The telegraph system consisted of a series of stations repeaters along the transmission line route. Each station had an operator who received and transmitted messages by telegraph. The Morse machine transmitted about 25 words per minute, which were recorded in code on a paper tape. The operator in charge of transmitting the message would decode it and write it on paper using a special typewriter.
In Bessarabia, the telegraph entered in 1860: on April 8, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, the one in Chisinau, following the construction of the first Odesa-Chisinau-Leova telegraph line. Currently, telegraph services have been discontinued. The only ones who still use coded communication are radio amateurs.
The Morse telegraph machine shown comes from the Osinoostrovsky electrotechnical plant, Soviet Union, and dates back to 1934. The exhibit was restored by Mihail Culașco.
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. II [XVII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Through this article we would like to present, in first of all for the Moldovan audience, the experience of the US in the field of cultural heritage preservation. In the first part of the study is analysed the development of the federal legal framework and presented the most important acts, such as Antiquity Act-1906, The Historic Sites Act (HSA)-1935, The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA)-1966, The Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA)-1979, The Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA)-1990. In the paper also are mentioned other federal laws and presidential executive orders which are directly linked with the heritage preservation.
During the second part of the article is shortly presented the US federal infrastructure responsible for the cultural and natural heritage management. The most important institutions are the governmental one (Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP), National Park Service (NPS) and other federal agencies, Federal Preservation Institute, Historic Preservation Officer, National Association of Tribal Historic Preservation Officers etc. Also, are presented the principles of function of the National Register of Historic Places, in criteria and rules for eligibility for inclusion the historic sites in the National Register. In the US a very important role in the preservation historic heritage are playing the NGOs. At the national level the most active Smithsonian Institution, National Trust for Historic Preservation, US/ICOMOS, Society for American Archaeology (SAA), Archaeological Institute of America (AIA), Society for Historical Archaeology (SHA), The Archaeological Conservancy (AC), National Preservation Institute (NPI) etc.
In conclusion, we could say that during one hundred years the US reached a viable legal and administrative framework, based in first of all on education of the citizens, which could be a good example for many countries around the World.
Sergiu Musteață
Манаджемент археологического насследия и кража древностей в Республике Молдова
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IV [XIX], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Sergiu Musteață
Florin Curta, (Ed.), The Other Europe in the Middle Ages. Avars, Bulgars, Khazars and Cumans, Florin Curta, General Editor, East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 450-1450, volume 2, Leiden/Boston: BRILL, 2008, ISSN 1872-8103, ISBN 978 90 04 16389 8
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. III [XVIII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Sergiu Musteață
A new law - a new perspective for the archaeological heritage preservation in the Republic of Moldova
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. V [XX], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Sergiu Musteață
Stefan Ihrig, Wer sind die Moldawier? Rumänismus versus Moldowanismus in Historiographie und Schulbüchern der Republik Moldova, 1991-2006, Stuttgart: ibidem-Verlag, 2008, ISBN-10: 3-89821-466-4
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. III [XVIII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Sergiu Musteață
Ethics and Professional Deontology in Archaeology
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. III [XVIII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
