One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly. The telegraph spread very quickly and a network of wires stretched around the world.
In 1837, the American painter and physicist Samuel Morse invented the first electromagnetic device for telegraphy, patented in 1840. To send messages by wire, Morse developed in 1838 a simple code of dots and dashes, which represented the letters of the alphabet, known as "Morse code ".
Both Morse code and the telegraph machine were improved over time, with the telegraph becoming the most widespread system of communication and information transmission for more than a century, until the advent of the Internet. The telegraph system consisted of a series of stations repeaters along the transmission line route. Each station had an operator who received and transmitted messages by telegraph. The Morse machine transmitted about 25 words per minute, which were recorded in code on a paper tape. The operator in charge of transmitting the message would decode it and write it on paper using a special typewriter.
In Bessarabia, the telegraph entered in 1860: on April 8, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, the one in Chisinau, following the construction of the first Odesa-Chisinau-Leova telegraph line. Currently, telegraph services have been discontinued. The only ones who still use coded communication are radio amateurs.
The Morse telegraph machine shown comes from the Osinoostrovsky electrotechnical plant, Soviet Union, and dates back to 1934. The exhibit was restored by Mihail Culașco.
Salt trade in Bessarabia in the context of the inclusion of the province in the economic system of the Russian Empire (1812-1850)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. V [XX], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
The study is focused on the issue of trade with salt in Bessarabia, from the annexation of the province, by the Peace of Bucharest of May 16/28, 1812, and until the saline lakes in southern Bessarabia flooding in 1850. Broadly speaking it is a well studied problem in the historiography of the MSSR and Republic of Moldova. Despite this, we found it necessary to come up with new archival documentary data, to make some additions on less developed issues.
The scientific novelty of the study is given by the approach to the examination of the issue. This particularly approach has several important research goals. First, note that the salt trade in the Russian Empire in the set out period represented a state monopoly. Russian state typically granted the right of extraction and marketing of salt to different persons. Secondly, the issue of salt trade in Bessarabia is closely linked to the problem of protectionist policy of the Russian Empire towards the newly annexed province. Russian government’s tendency to protect producers of salt form the Crimea, by the ban imposed on export of salt from Bessarabia, did not suite the dealers of salt extraction from the province. The antagonism of the situation is relevant in understanding the issues related to the inclusion of Bessarabia into the economical system of the Russian Empire.
Another goal of our approach to the research of trade salt in Bessarabia is related to suppression of customs and sanitary cordon on Dniester River by the Regulation of 26 September 1830. In return, the Russian government established in the province a Department of salines, in order to assert its control over the export of salt and thus continued its policy of disadvantaging producers of salt in Bessarabia for the benefit of those from Crimea. This was despite the fact that the province was de jure included in socio-political and economic system of the Russian Empire after the withdrawn of last levers of autonomy by the Establishment of administration of 1828.
Andrei Emilciuc
Organization and functioning of the cordon sanitaire on the Danube borders of the Russian Empire (1812-1856)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XVII [XXXII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Andrei Emilciuc
Establishment and functioning of the public granaries in Bessarabia (1834-1856)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XIII [XXVIII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Andrei Emilciuc
The legal framework of the circulation of Western European books in the Russian Empire (1721-1917)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VI [XXI], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Andrei Emilciuc
Western European dictionaries and encyclopedias from the collections of the National Museum of History of Moldova
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VIII [XXIII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Andrei Emilciuc
Commercial navigation on the Dniester River (1812-1853)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. II [XVII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
