One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly. The telegraph spread very quickly and a network of wires stretched around the world.
In 1837, the American painter and physicist Samuel Morse invented the first electromagnetic device for telegraphy, patented in 1840. To send messages by wire, Morse developed in 1838 a simple code of dots and dashes, which represented the letters of the alphabet, known as "Morse code ".
Both Morse code and the telegraph machine were improved over time, with the telegraph becoming the most widespread system of communication and information transmission for more than a century, until the advent of the Internet. The telegraph system consisted of a series of stations repeaters along the transmission line route. Each station had an operator who received and transmitted messages by telegraph. The Morse machine transmitted about 25 words per minute, which were recorded in code on a paper tape. The operator in charge of transmitting the message would decode it and write it on paper using a special typewriter.
In Bessarabia, the telegraph entered in 1860: on April 8, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, the one in Chisinau, following the construction of the first Odesa-Chisinau-Leova telegraph line. Currently, telegraph services have been discontinued. The only ones who still use coded communication are radio amateurs.
The Morse telegraph machine shown comes from the Osinoostrovsky electrotechnical plant, Soviet Union, and dates back to 1934. The exhibit was restored by Mihail Culașco.
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VII [XXII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Болгары в Приднестровье
Население Приднестровья представляет собой настоящую этническую мозаику. Наибольшую группу составляют молдаване (румыны) - 31,9% согласно переписи населения 2004 года. За ними следуют русские (30,3%) и украинцы (28,8%). Остальную часть населения составляют болгары (2%), а также представители других национальностей, в том числе поляки.
Больше всего болгар проживает в селе Парканы, расположенное в 5 км к западу от Тирасполя. Население села составляет более 10 тысяч жителей (10,2 тыс.), из которых 80% - болгары. Село Парканы было основано около 1740 года, но болгары поселились здесь в начале XIX века (возможно, в 1803 или 1811, или даже в 1806 году). Болгары, так же проживают в Тирасполе и в Рыбнице.
Начиная 90-ми годами XX века в двух школах Паркан стали преподавать болгарский язык и в этом большую помощь оказывает правительство Болгарии. Так же, у болгарского населения Приднестровья появилась возможность для обучения в вузах Болгарии.
Jerzy Hatłas, Marek Żyromski
Protoierey Mihail Chakir – orthodox priest, gagauzian spiritual leader and historian (1861-1938) – and the question of emancipation of gagauzians as the independent nation
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IX [XXIV], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie Chișinău, 2015
Jerzy Hatłas
The tracian tumulus at Opalchenetz – 80 years later (Some remarks on the question of rich female tombs in ancient Thrace)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. II [XVII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Jerzy Hatłas, Octavian Munteanu
Domed tombs of Thrace - 160 years of research
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. V [XX], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.