One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly. The telegraph spread very quickly and a network of wires stretched around the world.
In 1837, the American painter and physicist Samuel Morse invented the first electromagnetic device for telegraphy, patented in 1840. To send messages by wire, Morse developed in 1838 a simple code of dots and dashes, which represented the letters of the alphabet, known as "Morse code ".
Both Morse code and the telegraph machine were improved over time, with the telegraph becoming the most widespread system of communication and information transmission for more than a century, until the advent of the Internet. The telegraph system consisted of a series of stations repeaters along the transmission line route. Each station had an operator who received and transmitted messages by telegraph. The Morse machine transmitted about 25 words per minute, which were recorded in code on a paper tape. The operator in charge of transmitting the message would decode it and write it on paper using a special typewriter.
In Bessarabia, the telegraph entered in 1860: on April 8, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, the one in Chisinau, following the construction of the first Odesa-Chisinau-Leova telegraph line. Currently, telegraph services have been discontinued. The only ones who still use coded communication are radio amateurs.
The Morse telegraph machine shown comes from the Osinoostrovsky electrotechnical plant, Soviet Union, and dates back to 1934. The exhibit was restored by Mihail Culașco.
The first manifest of 1864 against a possible unification of Bessarabia with Romania
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. V [XX], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Ioan Dabija can be considered rather famous figure in the history of Bessarabia under Russian occupation. He participated in the events of prime importance for this Prut-Dniester province as well as for destinies of the Romanian principalities. In 1848, being a graduate of the Theological Seminary from Chisinau, he joined the camp office of General A. Luders, the corps commander of the Russian army invaded the principalities for the suppression of the Romanian revolution. During the military occupation of the two Romanian states I. Dabija was in Bukharest, performing various functions in the command of the Russian army of occupation, including the post of secretary of the governor of Wallachia.
After the withdrawal of Russian troops from the principalities in 1851 he performed a number of administrative functions in Bessarabia.
In 1853 I. Dabija was employed again in the Russian army service, in the office of Field-Marshal V. Gorchakov, the commander of the Russian expeditionary corps invaded Moldova and Wallachia during the Crimean War. At the end of the new episode of Russian military presence in the Romanian territory on the right bank of Prut, back in Bessarabia, he worked for a short time at the county administration.
After the Crimean War Ioan Dabija for many years was a member of the joint Russian-Moldavian, and later – the Russian-Romanian commission responsible for issues of ownerships in the three southern counties of Bessarabia which had been returned to the Principality of Moldova. In the period of membership in the commission he lived in Bucharest. Upon his return to Bessarabia he held various positions in the administration of the province. For ten years I. Dabija sought permission of the Russian authorities to publish a periodical in the Romanian language – a magazine or newspaper – to debate with opponents of Russia from the Romanian principalities. The text given below is a sample of his polemics with those “dangerous” for Russian interests in the Romanian lands.
And the last. Several years ago we had hypothesized that Ioan Dabija could be the author of the novel “Aglaia”, the manuscript of which had been discovered by us in the late 1980-s in the Moscow archives. Subsequently, the novel sustained two editions of the “Arc” Publishing House and was recognized by literary historian and critic Nicolae Manilescu “the best of the first ten novels written in the Romanian space”. Thus, in this case, we may have to do with one still unrecognized classic of the Romanian literature.
One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
