One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly. The telegraph spread very quickly and a network of wires stretched around the world.
In 1837, the American painter and physicist Samuel Morse invented the first electromagnetic device for telegraphy, patented in 1840. To send messages by wire, Morse developed in 1838 a simple code of dots and dashes, which represented the letters of the alphabet, known as "Morse code ".
Both Morse code and the telegraph machine were improved over time, with the telegraph becoming the most widespread system of communication and information transmission for more than a century, until the advent of the Internet. The telegraph system consisted of a series of stations repeaters along the transmission line route. Each station had an operator who received and transmitted messages by telegraph. The Morse machine transmitted about 25 words per minute, which were recorded in code on a paper tape. The operator in charge of transmitting the message would decode it and write it on paper using a special typewriter.
In Bessarabia, the telegraph entered in 1860: on April 8, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, the one in Chisinau, following the construction of the first Odesa-Chisinau-Leova telegraph line. Currently, telegraph services have been discontinued. The only ones who still use coded communication are radio amateurs.
The Morse telegraph machine shown comes from the Osinoostrovsky electrotechnical plant, Soviet Union, and dates back to 1934. The exhibit was restored by Mihail Culașco.
„Tovărășia” (1906-1911) – periodical with co-operative profile of Romanians from Transylvania
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. I [XVI], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie Chișinău, 2007
The appearance and the role of „Tovărășia” periodical, at the beginning of the 20th Century inscribes into the con- text of the growing concern for promoting and implementing the ideas and principles of universal co-operations into the Romanian society from Transylvania, especially in the rural economic space.
Edited and mostly done by the economist Vasile C. Osvada, one of greatest and representative figures of the Romanian co-operative movement and action from Transylvania, „Tovărășia” periodical imposed itself as one of the most representative co-operative periodicals, succeeding through its articles to evolve an efficient and extended co- operative propaganda, to permanently guide the establishment of different co-operative units, to give information and news about different areas of economic and social life in Transylvania.
Through the materials’ content, „Tovărășia” periodical meant a lot more than a mood and debates about viable economic opinions and solutions for the Romanian society, being a real laboratory where the ideas of a co-operative original economic literature got a form, underlining the Romanian specialists’ contribution to develop and materialize the universal co-operative movement, and especially from the Romanian space.
Therefore, the periodical was one of the most active and important factors of Romanian co-operativism at the beginning of the 20th Century, seen as one of the most efficient and dynamical vectors in the modernization and edification process of economic structures in the Romanian national area from Transylvania.
One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.