One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly. The telegraph spread very quickly and a network of wires stretched around the world.
In 1837, the American painter and physicist Samuel Morse invented the first electromagnetic device for telegraphy, patented in 1840. To send messages by wire, Morse developed in 1838 a simple code of dots and dashes, which represented the letters of the alphabet, known as "Morse code ".
Both Morse code and the telegraph machine were improved over time, with the telegraph becoming the most widespread system of communication and information transmission for more than a century, until the advent of the Internet. The telegraph system consisted of a series of stations repeaters along the transmission line route. Each station had an operator who received and transmitted messages by telegraph. The Morse machine transmitted about 25 words per minute, which were recorded in code on a paper tape. The operator in charge of transmitting the message would decode it and write it on paper using a special typewriter.
In Bessarabia, the telegraph entered in 1860: on April 8, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, the one in Chisinau, following the construction of the first Odesa-Chisinau-Leova telegraph line. Currently, telegraph services have been discontinued. The only ones who still use coded communication are radio amateurs.
The Morse telegraph machine shown comes from the Osinoostrovsky electrotechnical plant, Soviet Union, and dates back to 1934. The exhibit was restored by Mihail Culașco.
Le milieu de vie des habitants de la ville Chișinău au début du XXème siècle
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. I [XVI], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie Chișinău, 2007
Le milieu de vie des habitants de la ville Chisinau connait au début du XX-ème siècle une intensification du procès- sus de modernisation. Chisinau este devenu le centre le plus principal de la Bessarabie et l’une de plus grandes villes de l’Empire Russe.
Le rhytme de la vie connait une accéleration, surtout, au centre de la ville, où se situaient la plupart des places publiques, tant celles officielles (l’école, le tribunal, les bancs), comme et celles d’agrément (les théatres, les cinémas, les bistrots, les cafés, etc.). Les autorités publiques locales ont entrepris plusieurs mésures pour améliorer le milieu de vie des habitants de Chisinau (l’activité sanitaire dans la ville, les services de salubrité, l’illumination des rues et des maisons privées, la construction des lignes de communication téléphonique).
Ces aspects du milieu de vie des habitants de la ville Chisinau représentent l’objectif principal de notre étude. La conclusion qui s’impose est que, meme si le niveau de vie des habitants de Chisinau était plusieurs fois resté en comparaison avec les plus grandes villes de l’Europe, à l’époque étudiée celui-ci a connu de profondes modifications.
Lucia Sava
Les modalités d’organiser le loisir à Chișinău au début du XXème siècle
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. I [XVI], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie Chișinău, 2007
One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.