One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly. The telegraph spread very quickly and a network of wires stretched around the world.
In 1837, the American painter and physicist Samuel Morse invented the first electromagnetic device for telegraphy, patented in 1840. To send messages by wire, Morse developed in 1838 a simple code of dots and dashes, which represented the letters of the alphabet, known as "Morse code ".
Both Morse code and the telegraph machine were improved over time, with the telegraph becoming the most widespread system of communication and information transmission for more than a century, until the advent of the Internet. The telegraph system consisted of a series of stations repeaters along the transmission line route. Each station had an operator who received and transmitted messages by telegraph. The Morse machine transmitted about 25 words per minute, which were recorded in code on a paper tape. The operator in charge of transmitting the message would decode it and write it on paper using a special typewriter.
In Bessarabia, the telegraph entered in 1860: on April 8, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, the one in Chisinau, following the construction of the first Odesa-Chisinau-Leova telegraph line. Currently, telegraph services have been discontinued. The only ones who still use coded communication are radio amateurs.
The Morse telegraph machine shown comes from the Osinoostrovsky electrotechnical plant, Soviet Union, and dates back to 1934. The exhibit was restored by Mihail Culașco.
Les modalités d’organiser le loisir à Chișinău au début du XXème siècle
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. I [XVI], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie Chișinău, 2007
L’étude présente les modalités d’organisation du temps libre des habitants de la ville Chisinau au début du XX-ème siècle. Les dates exposées nous permettent de constater, que les divertissements de la période étudiée sont très complexes et ont un contenu très divers. S’il s’agit de la fin des heures du travail ou même de la fin de semaine, les habitants de Chisinau organisaient individuellement, mais en dépendance de la situation sociale, à leur gré, les moments de repos et de distraction. Ceux-ci comprenaient des activités très variées: dès la lecture des livres, les visites au théatre ou au cinéma, au musée ou à la bibliothéque; les promenades au parc; les distractions dans les salles de danse ou de la musique; boire un caffé avec un ami ou participer à une vraie distraction au restaurant.
Dans ce contexte, les modalités d’organisation du temps libre attestées au début du XX-ème siècle, présentent des attitudes comportamentales de la vie quotidienne et de la mentalité des habitants de Chisinau au commencement d’un nouveau siècle.
Lucia Sava
Le milieu de vie des habitants de la ville Chișinău au début du XXème siècle
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. I [XVI], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie Chișinău, 2007
One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.