One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly. The telegraph spread very quickly and a network of wires stretched around the world.
In 1837, the American painter and physicist Samuel Morse invented the first electromagnetic device for telegraphy, patented in 1840. To send messages by wire, Morse developed in 1838 a simple code of dots and dashes, which represented the letters of the alphabet, known as "Morse code ".
Both Morse code and the telegraph machine were improved over time, with the telegraph becoming the most widespread system of communication and information transmission for more than a century, until the advent of the Internet. The telegraph system consisted of a series of stations repeaters along the transmission line route. Each station had an operator who received and transmitted messages by telegraph. The Morse machine transmitted about 25 words per minute, which were recorded in code on a paper tape. The operator in charge of transmitting the message would decode it and write it on paper using a special typewriter.
In Bessarabia, the telegraph entered in 1860: on April 8, the Bender telegraph station began its activity, and on April 24, the one in Chisinau, following the construction of the first Odesa-Chisinau-Leova telegraph line. Currently, telegraph services have been discontinued. The only ones who still use coded communication are radio amateurs.
The Morse telegraph machine shown comes from the Osinoostrovsky electrotechnical plant, Soviet Union, and dates back to 1934. The exhibit was restored by Mihail Culașco.
Soviet posters of 1918-1939 from the collections of the National Museum of Archaeology and History of Moldova
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VI [XXI], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
The subject of this paper is a study of posters from the collections of NMAHM. There were selected and studied about 100 objects belonging to the time of the Civil War (1918-1920) and the interwar period (1922-1939). Among the authors of these posters there are the renowned artists A. Apsit, V. Deni, and D. Moor.
Most of the posters are originals that illustrate a series of events of the time. By content they can be categorized by the criteria of themes and types. Thus, in terms of types the posters can be divided into political, military, economic, and educational.
In terms of themes they can be divided into four categories. Posters in the first category reflect activity of the Communist party, the struggle for Soviet power, the alliance of peasants and workers. The second category includes the posters on activity of the Red Army, the fight against foreign intervention, the fight against desertion. The third category combines the posters on agriculture, collectivization, and the fight against hunger. The last category in- cludes the posters on public education.
In conclusion of the research of this part of the collections of NMAHM, it should be stated that posters are of particular importance for the study of the period of 1918-1939.
Ольга Щипакина
History of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic civil air forces formation (1944-1957)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. II [XVII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Ольга Щипакина
Collection of badges from the National Museum of Archaeology and History of Moldova
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. V [XX], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Ольга Щипакина
Data about several biggest air crushes from the history of civil aviation
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IV [XIX], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
One of the great technical achievements that revolutionized the idea of time and space, opening a new era in the history of communication, is telegraphy. It is based on the transmission of electrical signals through a cable over long distances, allowing people to communicate instantly...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.