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#Exhibit of the Month

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The Gospel is a fundamental liturgical book of the Orthodox Church that brings together the four apostolic testimonies about the Son of God - Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John - "inspired by the same Holy Spirit, the one true and sole author of the Gospel." The Gospel, or the Good News, testifying to the Glory of Christ, refers to the full teaching and deeds of the Savior; the four Gospels are regarded as the four sustaining pillars of the Church.
St. Jerome (c. 340-420), author of the first complete Latin translation of the Holy Scriptures, assigned to the four evangelists the living creatures that appear in the vision of the prophet Ezekiel (1:5). Thus, the Evangelist Matthew, the first to relate the Nativity of the Lord, is accompanied in imagery by the angel who announced the miracle; the Evangelist Mark, likened to St. John the Baptist - "the voice of one crying in the wilderness" - is associated with the lion. The Evangelist Luke, who opens his Gospel with the priest Zechariah, is personified by the winged ox, recalling the ox's sacrificial role; and the Evangelist John, for his elevated theological vision, is associated with the eagle. 
This altar Gospel, printed in 1890 at the Lavra Pecerska printing house in Kyiv, contains - in addition to the four canonical Gospels - other liturgical texts: readings for Vespers, the Divine Liturgy, prayers, and services. 
It is a large-format Gospel measuring 37 × 48 cm, bound in cardboard and leather. The gilded metal cover is fitted with two metal clasps and gilt edges. Five vertical-oval icon plaques in polychrome enamel are applied to the cover, which is engraved with vegetal and geometric ornamentation. The central plaque depicts the "Resurrection of the Lord"; in the corners of the upper register appear the faces of the Evangelists Matthew and John, and in the lower register those of Luke and Mark. Printed in red and black, the volume comprises 428 leaves; the text is enriched with various typographic ornaments - vignettes, initials, engravings, frontispieces, etc. Pagination is indicated on the leaves, the folio number appearing in the upper right. 
The Gospel of Matthew is printed on pages 1-105, the opening page accompanied by the scene of the Nativity of the Lord. The Gospel of Mark continues on pages 104-168, its representative scene being the Baptism of the Lord. The Gospel according to Luke occupies pages 172-273, its opening page bearing the scene of the Annunciation. The Gospel according to John is included between pages 280-358, the evocative scene being the Crucifixion of the Lord. 

The Lavra Pecerska printing house, cited in the colophon, has long roots - traditionally founded by Archimandrite Elisei Pletenetsky (1595-1624) in 1615 - although the precise dates of its earliest publications remain a matter of debate. This copy entered the collections of the National Museum of History of Moldova under inventory number FB-23062-35; acquired in 1982, it was transferred to the MNIM collections in 1996 from the holdings of the Museum of the History of Religion.

Virtual Tour


Exhibitions

“Victor Rotaru: Reflections in Colors”

September 21 – October 31, 2023

On September 21, in Room no. 1 of the National Museum of History of Moldova, will take place the opening of a unique exhibition, entitled "Victor Rotaru: Reflections in Colors" which includes an impressive number of paintings by the plastic artist, collected and kept by the Kliuchnikoff family, most of which will be exhibited to the general public for the first time.

Victor Rotaru (1949-2020) is a prominent name in the world of Moldovan art. From an early age, he showed an artistic nature, discovering his special talent for drawing. Although they had in front of them a promising future artist, the times in which he grew up were marked by the strictly ideological demands of socialist realism, imperative in the Soviet period.

However, Victor Rotaru chose a less conventional path. Instead of joining the socialist realism movement, he preferred to maintain his artistic integrity and make a living in another way. He worked as an assistant stage designer at the "Moldova-film" Studio and later at the "Maria Bieșu" Opera and Ballet Theatre. He was also a painting and drawing teacher at children's art schools in the villages around Chisinau. It was a brave decision to give up his career as an artist, simply to stay true to his own artistic vision and not submit to the ideological pressures of the era.

During his career, Victor Rotaru revealed his artistic influences, inspired by artists such as Matisse, Modigliani, Picasso and Dali, from impressionism and post-impressionism. Today, Victor Rotaru's works retain the imprint of the difficult times in which he lived, but each of them conveys a deep philosophical message, reflecting his artistic essence. His compositions are unique in their energy and dynamics, as well as in their color combinations. They reflect the experiences and personality of an artist who said: "Loneliness is my way of being. I am a sentimental nature. Feelings, sometimes full of light, sometimes abysmal, guide me all my life."

Victor Rotaru cared a lot about his family, he had special relationships with his parents and sisters. He was an open person, he liked guests and soulful conversations. They were colleagues and close friends with Tudor Braga, Andrei Sârbu, Petru Jereghe and Mihai Țăruș.

In the creative activity, he manifested himself in portraiture, still life, genre painting, but also in scenography. Having to create and confirm himself under the restrictive conditions of the Soviet regime, he was an artist with a difficult fate, because he did not want to promote socialist realism in art. In this situation it was practically impossible to survive as a painter and for this reason he retired. He regretted wasting a lot of time...

"When I realized that I would never be able to reach Mihai Grecu's height, I gave up!"

Victor Rotaru is a remarkable artist whose personal and artistic choices have defined him in a unique way. He remained true to his own artistic vision and refused to submit to the ideological pressures of the age, demonstrating his courage to follow his own path in the art world.

The painting exhibition "Victor Rotaru: Reflections in Colors" can be visited between September 21 and October 21, 2023, in Room no. 1 of the National Museum of History of Moldova, Chisinau, 31 August 1989 street, 121A.


 




Independent Moldova
Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic
Bessarabia and MASSR between the Two World Wars
Bessarabia and Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the Period between the Two World Wars
Revival of National Movement
Time of Reforms and their Consequences
Abolition of Autonomy. Bessarabia – a New Tsarist Colony
Period of Relative Autonomy of Bessarabia within the Russian Empire
Phanariot Regime
Golden Age of the Romanian Culture
Struggle for Maintaining of Independence of Moldova
Formation of Independent Medieval State of Moldova
Era of the
Great Nomad Migrations
Early Middle Ages
Iron Age and Antiquity
Bronze Age
Aeneolithic Age
Neolithic Age
Palaeolithic Age
  
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25 November – 19 December 2025
 
2 December 2025 – 4 January 2026
 
October 28 – November 28, 2025
 
September 25, 2025 – September 1, 2026
 
August 11, 2025 – January 31, 2026
 
Over 2500 pieces made of precious metals with historic, artistic and symbolic value
  

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#Exhibit of the Month

The Gospel is a fundamental liturgical book of the Orthodox Church that brings together the four apostolic testimonies about the Son of God - Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John - "inspired by the same Holy Spirit, the one true and sole author of the Gospel." ...

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The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2025 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC

 



The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2025 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC

menu
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2025 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC