In ancient times, large quantities of raw material obtained owing to cattle-breeding and hunting favored the development of bone and horn processing. This work has evolved from a simple home occupation to a true art, the pieces of which are made with great thoroughness, skill, aesthetic sense and artistic taste. Being easy to process, bone and horn provided a greater freedom of expression allowing the creation of an impressive range of objects by use of multiple techniques, such as cutting, polishing, engraving, etc. Paleolithic and Neo-Eneolithic sites of Trinca, Butești, Cosăuți, and Brânzeni, settlements and necropolises of Trifăuți, Săcărăuca, Dănceni, Ruseștii Noi, Costești, Vulcănești, Giurgiulești, etc., as well as the Bronze Age, Early Iron Age, and Middle Ages sites, offer the largest range of materials and pieces of art and jewelry, exotic objects of rare beauty and diversity.

The exhibition „Bone Processing Art from Prehistoric Times to the Pre-Modern Period" brings together the most representative artifacts - tools and objects of bone, horn, and boars' tusks found as a result of archaeological investigations during the second half of the 20th - early 21st centuries in the sites, settlements, and necropolises in Prut-Dniester area, dated from the Paleolithic to the Middle Ages. These can be classified as working tools, weapons, pieces of art or jewelry.

In the category of bone tools, the most commonly found there are awls of various sizes, needles, decorated chisels and daggers. Among the horn objects there are parts of agricultural and household tools and weapons. Pieces of art and jewelry take a special place in the exhibition - anthropomorphic pendants of bone, plaques, buttons, beads, and other objects reflect the artistic and aesthetic tastes of the natives.