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#Exhibit of the Month

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Fire artillery in Romanian space is attested from the first half of the 15th century. The oldest pieces of artillery are the bronze and iron bombards discovered in the fortresses of Giurgiu, Severin, Bârlad and Orheiul Vechi.

The exposed cannon was discovered in the village of Grinăuți-Moldova, Ocnița district, it dates from the second half of the 15th century. From a typological point of view, in the central-eastern European space, the cannon from Grinăuți-Moldova is a unique piece.

It is a short-barreled mortar-type artillery piece that fits perfectly into the line of bombards in Europe used in the second half of the 15th century - the beginning of the 16th century.

The cannon was used to launch projectiles (bullets) at the enemy behind fortifications or natural obstacles. The projectiles were loaded through the mouth of the barrel. The firing angle was over 45 degrees, and the trajectory of the projectile was curved with a range of up to 300-400 m. In Europe, these cannons were called mortars, and in Romanian space they were designated by the word piua, thanks to the shape of this object.

The cannon from Grinăuți-Moldova was discovered by chance in the "Red Bank" location, located 15 km southwest of the Lipnicu plain where Lord Stefan the Great defeated the Tatars in 1470. According to a legend from the village of Grinăuți-Moldova, in the "Red Bank" location, a military confrontation between Moldovans and Tatars would have taken place prior to the battle of Lipnic.

The cannon from Grinăuți-Moldova is made of cast iron by the casting method. The barrel is provided with a single hole in the front, the opposite side being blocked by the flat bottom with flared edge. The inside of the pipe is a relatively wide channel that narrows slightly towards the bottom. Loading with powder and cannonballs was done through the mouth of the cannon. A hole is provided near the base for the wick to ignite and detonate the dust inside the cannon. The surface of the cannon is embossed. The edge of the mouth is thickened, slightly curved. Two cylindrical supports with a diameter of 3.5 cm are provided in the central part of the body of the cannon in the axis, which served as handles for the installation and handling of the cannon on a wooden frame.

The length of the cannon is 30.0 cm, the maximum diameter of the body - 17.8 cm, the outside diameter of the mouth - 19.4 cm, the diameter of the body in the middle - 13.5 cm, the outside diameter of the base - 17.0 cm, the caliber of the cannon (mouth diameter) is 12.8 cm, the length of the inner chamber of the cannon - 27.4 cm, the weight of the cannon - 18,730 kg.

The cannon from Grinăuți-Moldova entered the custody of the National Museum of History of Moldova through the care of local history teacher Vlad Lvovsky.

The conservation of the piece of cultural heritage was carried out by Valeriu Bubulici, and the reconstruction of the atmosphere by the restorer Mihail Culașco.

Virtual Tour


Publications Journal „Tyragetia"


Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XII [XXVII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
ISSN 1857-0240
E-ISSN 2537-6330

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XII [XXVII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică

Chișinău, 2018

Researches


Михаил Видейко
Crises and early urbanization processes in Europe

Vasile Iarmulschi
Überlegungen zur Chronologie und Periodisierung den Siedlungen der Poieneşti-Lucaşeuca-Kultur

Liana Oţa
Sarmatian children graves in Wallachia and Moldavia

Papers and surveys


Оксана Вотякова
The industry of Layer II of the Korolevo site in Transcarpathia

Игорь Пиструил
Complex of flint tools from Zaliznichnoe site (based on materials collected in 1970)

Наталья Бурдо
Anthropomorphic figurines from early Bronze Age burial mounds in the Bug-Dnieper interfluves and the Dnieper area

Elena Izbitser
Bulls and Wagons: an “innovative” approach to representing archaeological data

Игорь Сапожников
The beginning of the study of Budjak burial mounds: historiography and cartography

Vasile Diaconu, Mariana Sîrbu
Uncommon practice of re-use of Bronze Age stone axes

Simina Margareta Stanc, Vasile Diaconu, Luminiţa Bejenaru
Animal Resources in the Economy of the Noua Culture (Bronze Age) Communities: case study on the settlement at Crasnaleuca (Botosani County, Romania)

Виктор Гребенников
Settlements, sites and hoards of the Steppe Pobuzhye of the Late Bronze Age (materials for the archaeological map)

Игорь Сапожников, Юрий Болтрик
Yagorlyk mounds near the Dniester: history of study, cartography and topography

Eugen Uşurelu, Andrei Nicic
Findings of metal objects of the Bronze and Iron Ages on the territory of the Republic of Moldova

Роман Зимовец, Сергей Скорый, Виталий Окатенко
Bronze matrix from Bilsk forthill: about Central Asian motifs in early Scythian animal style of Northern Black Sea Cost

Octavian Munteanu, Nicolae Batog, Valeriu Prohniţchi
The Getic defensive system of Butuceni-West: details regarding the West No. 2 defensive line trajectory

Денис Бондаренко
The Viktorоvka-I settlement of the Late Archaic time

Sergiu Matveev, Ana Boldureanu
A bronze Macedonian coin from the village of Tudora (Ştefan Vodă District)

George-Dan Hânceanu
Les Bastarnes de Roşiori. Les résultats de la campagne archéologique de l’année 2016

Ion Tentiuc, Valeriu Bubulici
An incineration burial in metal urn (2nd-3rd c. AD) discovered at Iagorlîc, Dubăsari

Vlad D. Ghimpu
Canonical rules and the actual orientation of altars in early Christian churches. Ancient and early medieval places of worship in Romanian lands

Михаил Веревкин, Юрий Пятницкий
On the Issues of the Technical Examination of Oriental Silver in the Collection of the State Hermitage Museum

Звездана Доде
Parts of the Female Costume from a Golden Horde Grave of the Tingutinsky I Kurgan Cemetery. Conservation and preliminary conclusions

Игорь Прохненко, Мария Жиленко
Knight’s tombstone from Korolevo castle of Nyaláb

Дмитрий Янов
The hoard of coins of 15th-16th centuries from the collection of Local Lore Museum in Vylkove

Алексей Фурасьев
“The Great Migration Period” – a new exhibition in the State Hermitage Museum

Paper and book review


Mihail Băţ
Г.И. Смирнова, М.Ю. Вахтина, М.Т. Кашуба, Е.Г. Старкова, Городище Немиров на реке Южный Буг. По материалам раскопок в XX веке из коллекций Государственного Эрмитажа и Научного архива ИИМК РАН. Приложения: К.Б. Калинина, А. Закосьцельна, М. Кершнер и Х. Моммзен, С.В. Хаврин, Санкт-Петербург: Невская книжная типография, 2018, 336 с. ISBN: 978-5-9909872-2-7

Homage


Dan Matei
Profesorul Mihai Bărbulescu

 



 

 

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Abolition of Autonomy. Bessarabia – a New Tsarist Colony
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#Exhibit of the Month

Fire artillery in Romanian space is attested from the first half of the 15th century. The oldest pieces of artillery are the bronze and iron bombards discovered in the fortresses of Giurgiu, Severin, Bârlad and Orheiul Vechi...

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The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2023 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC

 



The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2023 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC

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The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2023 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC