#Exhibit of the Month

The great ruler Stephen the Great, outstanding army commander and diplomat, was also concerned during his life with the economic prosperity of the country, supporting the development of crafts, trade and fairs. During his reign, groși and half groși minted in the dinar system were issued, a monetary system introduced in Moldova during the last reign of Petru Aron (1455-1457).

The coins were minted from silver of superior title, those that reflect stability in the economic life of the country at that time. Their masterful execution at the Suceava mint is among the beautiful artistic achievements during the reign of Stephen the Great.

During his reign, two types of issues were minted, for the two denominations: groși and half groși.

Type I issues have a split shield on the obverse; in the first quarter appears a rose surmounted by a cross and three fascias, in the second quarter. For the epigraph issues (groși), the image is accompanied by the circular legend with the name of the issuer: + STEFANVS VOIEVODA. On the other side appears the bour's head with a star between the horns accompanied by the heraldic furniture - the rose and the contoured crescent, placed to the right and left of the bour's head; circular legend: MOLDAVIE COIN.

On type II coins in the shield on the obverse appears a patriarchal cross (double) and the legend STEFANVSVOIEVOD or abbreviated STEFANVSVOIE. On the reverse, as in type I, the bour's head with heraldic attributes is preserved: rose right/crescent left and crescent right/rose left. A star or rose appears between the ox's horns. The legend accompanying the face with the bour head is MONETAMOLDAVI or abbreviated MONETAMOLDA.

The dating of Stephen the Great's coins is still under discussion. According to one opinion, type I issues were minted between 1457-1476, and type II between 1480/1481-1505 (Octavian Iliescu), and another 1465/1467-1475/1476 for type I and 1476/1479-1497 for type II (Ernest Oberländer-Târnoveanu).

The coins in this showcase were discovered during the archaeological excavations at Orheiul Vechi (Trebujeni, Orhei district) in the 6th and 7th decades of the 20th century:

1. Type I money issues, groși, silver
2. Type II money issues, groși, silver
3. Type II coin issue, half groși, silver

Virtual Tour

Publications

„Tyragetia International"

Die Metallgefässe zwischen Karpaten und Westaltai während der Bronze-und Früheisenzeit. Band II / Металлические сосуды между Карпатами и западным Алтаем в эпоху бронзы и раннего железного века. Том II

Tudor Soroceanu, Eugen Sava

Die Metallgefässe zwischen Karpaten und Westaltai während der Bronze-und Früheisenzeit. Band II / Металлические сосуды между Карпатами и западным Алтаем в эпоху бронзы и раннего железного века. Том II

„Tyragetia International” II, Chișinău: Bons Offices 2020, 309 p. ISBN 978-9975-87-752-7; 903.23637/638.

INHALT

Vorwort

KAPITEL III AUSWERTUNG

III.A. Zur Herstellung der Metallgefäße und deren Verzierungen und zur Durchführung der Ausbesserungen
III.A.a. Einleitendes
III.A.b. Kurze forschungsgeschichtliche Darstellung
III.A.c. Metalle und Legierungen
III.A.d. Werkzeuge und Zubehör
III.A.e. Arbeitsvorgänge und Bearbeitungsprozesse
III.A.f. Ausbesserungen
III.A.g. Ergebnisse

III.B. Die Typologie
III.B.1. Die typologische Systematisierung
III.B.1.a Exkurs I. Die Stelle und die Rolle der Metallgefäße der Majkop-Kultur zur Entstehung der vernieteten Kessel
III.B.2. Typologie der Teile
III.B.2.a. Die Systematisierung der Henkel
III.B.2.b. Mündung - Randteil - Halsteil
III.B.2.c. Typologie des Boden- und des Fußbereiches
III.B.2.d. Exkurs II. Die Aufbautypologie: Herstellung der Metallgefäße und formenkundliche Typologie
III.B.3.a. Nordpontische Formen
III.B.3.b. Die mitteleuropäischen Formen
III.B.3.c. Kaukasische Formen der Koban-Kultur
III.B.3.d. Typologie der „Begleitkategorien"
III.B.4. Typologie der Verzierungen
III.B.5. Die gegenseitige ornament- und formenkundliche Wirkung zwischen
Metall- und Tongeschirr

III.C. Die chronologische Ansiedlung der Stücke und der Befunde
III.D. Zur historischen Dynamik der Metallgefäße im Arbeitsgebiet
III.E. Fundkontexte, Fundumstände, Fundplätze
III.E.1. Zu den Fundkontexten
III.E.2. Zu den Fundumständen
III.E.3. Fundplätze der Metallgefäße: die Verbindung zur Landschaft
III.F. Zur Funktion und Rolle der Metallgefäße im Arbeitsgebiet, vornehmlich der vernieteten Kessel
III.G. Conclusio

Anhang

S. KRAUS
Archäometallurgische Untersuchungen an spätbronzezeitlichen Metallgefäßen

Literatur

Rezumat

Lista ilustraţiilor