#Exhibit of the Month

Around thirty icons from the collection of the National Museum of History of Moldova feature Saint Nicholas the Hierarch and Miracle Worker. While most represent the later iconographic tradition, a few early images stand out as rare examples due to their composition.
In the icon "Saint Nicholas with Scenes from His Life", the hierarch is depicted bust-length, blessing the Gospel. He is framed by two round medallions showing Christ and the Mother of God, who hand him the Gospel and the omophorion. Saint Nicholas, earlier than other saints, was portrayed with scenes from his hagiographic cycle. The first images of his life date back to the 11th century, represented on a folding icon from the Monastery of Saint Catherine at Sinai.

The museum icon dates from the early 19th century, preserving the traditional chest format typical of classical icons. Twelve panels illustrate episodes from the saint's life, arranged from left to right: four on the upper register, four on the lower, and two on each side, as follows: Birth of Saint Nicholas (1), Baptism of Saint Nicholas (2), Miracle of Healing the Crippled Woman (3), Apprenticeship of Young Nicholas (4), Ordination as Deacon (5), Ordination as Bishop (6) Vision of Constantine (7), Saint Nicholas Saves Three Voivodes from Execution (8), Miracle of Rescue from Drowning (9), Miracle of Saving Basil from the Arabs (10), Dormition of Saint Nicholas (11), Translation of the Relics of Saint Nicholas to Bari (12).

Saint Nicholas the Hierarch is commemorated by the Orthodox Church twice a year: on December 6/19, the day of his birth, and on May 9/22, the day his relics were transferred from Myra to Bari (1087). Among all saints of the Christian world, the image of Saint Nicholas is one of the most popular, easily recognizable even to those unfamiliar with iconography.

He was born in the Roman Empire, at Patara in the province of Lycia, between 260-280, though early sources omit the exact date. Coming from a wealthy family, he rejected fame and luxury. From an early age he devoted himself to prayer and the study of Holy Scripture, while also mastering other disciplines. He avoided noisy gatherings and idle talk, attended church regularly, and pursued a life of chastity. Later he dedicated himself to pastoral ministry, defending the Christian faith with perseverance and firmly opposing heresies.
Through his care for people and the benefactions he performed everywhere, he became highly venerated not only in Myra but also in the surrounding regions. The grace of the Holy Spirit dwelling in his heart was revealed through miracles performed both during his life and after his death, earning him the enduring title of "Miracle Worker." Saint Nicholas passed away in the 330s (circa 334-337), and his remains were placed in a sumptuous marble tomb in the episcopal cathedral where he had served for many years. This soon became an important center of pilgrimage.
Holy Tradition has preserved with accuracy the features of his portrait, and his appearance in icons is marked by a distinct individuality. Ecclesiastical art has produced numerous iconographic representations, ranging from bust images to full-length depictions. The diversity of these representations suggests that the final iconography of Saint Nicholas was not yet established, taking shape only in the 10th-11th centuries. It is said that an authentic icon from the basilica in Myra, executed during the saint's lifetime and mentioned in written sources as early as the 11th century, played a significant role in his veneration.
Icons depicting the hagiographic cycle of Saint Nicholas spread widely in both Byzantine and post-Byzantine art, confirming the importance and popularity of his cult.

Virtual Tour

Events Archive

International Festival of Literature and Translation Chișinău (FILIT), Second Edition

September 26-29, 2024

The period from September 26-29, 2024, was marked by a multitude of engaging activities organized as part of the International Festival of Literature and Translation Chișinău (FILIT), in collaboration with the National Museum of History of Moldova. A festive atmosphere celebrating the written word prevailed throughout the festival.

The festival kicked off on September 26 at 9:30 AM with an opening ceremony hosted by the National Museum of History of Moldova. From the very first moments, the literary excitement was palpable, thanks to the presence of prominent personalities and captivating discussions. High school students from Chișinău had the opportunity to participate in an interactive literary game that stimulated their creativity and provided them with an unforgettable experience. This activity encouraged young people to engage with literature and express their thoughts and feelings through writing.

One of the most memorable moments was the "White Night of Poetry" on September 27, an event moderated by the charismatic poet Lena Chilari, which exceeded expectations with the intensity and beauty of the creative act. In the museum courtyard, over 20 poets recited their works with emotion, sharing profound sensitivity and inspiration with the audience. During the recital, the Cultural Center Subcarpați, alongside the band Floare de Maidan, performed their pieces with remarkable sensitivity, offering the audience a unique musical experience, captivating them with the depth and expressiveness of each song.

On the morning of September 28, I was impressed by the enthusiasm of the children who participated in the "History of Writing" workshop organized by the National Museum of History of Moldova. The workshop began with an engaging presentation, where the children, guided by Natalia Popovici, watched a PowerPoint about the history and techniques of writing, thus connecting them with the traditions of the past. Following this introduction, they had the opportunity to practice their newly acquired knowledge through calligraphy. This experience not only inspired them but also deepened their appreciation for the art of writing.

FILIT Chișinău 2024 was more than just a literature festival; it was a profound experience, an open space for cultural exchange, and a celebration of the written word. The events organized provided participants not only with immersion in the world of literature but also with a connection to tradition and culture, all combined in an accessible and engaging way.

For those who attended, the festival represented a source of inspiration and a rare opportunity to interact directly with authors, learn, and reflect on literature.