It is a sports trophy obtained at an inter-school oina (a bat-and-ball game) competition in interwar Bessarabia. We don't know which schools participated in this competition, nor the venue, we only know that one of the winners received the second prize and that the event was held on May 13, 1934. In this way we learn about the existence of different sports competitions organized by schools, including the oina game. Oina is a beautiful and complex sports game that promotes the development of body and spirit, courage and the desire for self-improvement. Oina is a treasure of the Romanian people, which must be sacredly kept and passed on to future generations.
The oină or hoina game is considered a Romanian national sports game having a history of at least six centuries. The oina game is practiced continuously, according to the chronicles and deeds of the time at least from the 14th century, being mentioned for the first time in 1364, during the reign of Vlaicu Vodă. The game requires complex sports qualities (good running speed, fast reflexes in self-defense movements against the balls, accuracy in throwing and hitting the ball with a bat or stick). Oina is a sport that identifies us to the same extent as trânta, our national wrestling. The game becomes attractive among young people in the villages, enters the school curriculum through physical education lessons. Through the Education Reform of 1898, as well as through other ministerial decisions, Education Minister Spiru Haret introduces the compulsory oina lessons in all schools, as well as the annual oina competitions.
On May 9, 1899, in Bucharest, the first national oina championship was organized, the teams being made up of high school students. The winner was the team of Nicolae Bălcescu High School from Brăila.
In 1912, the Federation of the Romanian Sports Society (Bucharest) was created, which consisted of 13 sports commissions including the oina commission.
After the Union of 1918, the Federation of the Romanian Sports Society was reorganized in 1923, including the other oina sports commissions of Transylvania, Bukovina and Bessarabia.
In 1932, the Romanian Oina Federation was founded.
Bowls from the Scythian burial sites of the late 4th - 2nd century BC on the left bank of the Lower Dniester
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VIII [XXIII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
In the article there are published and analyzed bowls from the Scythian burial complexes of the cemetery near the village of Glinoe (Hlinaia) and from some barrows of the late 4th - 2nd century BC on the left bank of the Lower Dniester, near Tiraspol. The research reveals widest spreading of the bowls in the funerary practice of Scythians on this bank of the Dniester. Their role and place in the funeral rite are assessed. There are examined wooden and ceramic bowls. The authors offer a typology for hand- shaped bowls, which takes into account all their morphological features. Particular attention is paid to the decoration of the hand-made bowls, which primarily reflects the Thracian ceramic tradition. The analysis of spreading of the bowls in the settlements and burial mounds of the Scythians on the Northern Black Sea littoral testifi es the sedentarization of the Scythian population in the Lower Dniester in the 3rd - 2nd centuries BC.
List of illustrations:
Fig. 1. Iron details of the wooden bowls (1-6) and pottery bowls (7, 8) from the Glinoe cemetery: 1 -burial 18/1; 2 - burial 46/3; 3 - burial 59/1; 4 - burial 69/2; 5 - burial 80/1; 6 - burial 83/1; 7 - burial 21/1; 8 - burial 85/1. Fig. 2. Hand- shaped bowls from the Glinoe cemetery: 1 - burial 2/3; 2 - burial 3/1; 3 - burial 7/1; 4, 5 - burial 8/1; 6 - burial 10/1; 7 - burial 11/1; 8 - burial 13/1. Fig. 3. Hand- shaped bowls from the Glinoe cemetery: 1 - burial 13/3; 2 - burial 14/2; 3 - burial 15/1; 4 - burial 15/2; 5 - burial 17/1; 6 - burial 19/1; 7 - burial 19/3; 8 - burial 20/1; 9, 10 - burial 22/2; 11 - burial 22/3. Fig. 4. Hand- shaped bowls from the Glinoe cemetery: 1 - burial 23/1; 2, 3 - burial 26/1; 4 - burial 27/1; 5 - burial 30/1; 6 - burial 33/2; 7 - burial 36/1; 8, 9 - burial 38/1. Fig. 5. Hand- shaped bowls from the Glinoe cemetery: 1 - burial 38/3; 2 - burial 39/1; 3 - burial 41/2; 4 - burial 42/1; 5 - burial 43/2; 6 - burial 45/1; 7, 8 - burial 46/4; 9 - burial 47/1. Fig. 6. Hand- shaped bowls from the Glinoe cemetery: 1 - burial 48/1; 2 - burial 49/1; 3 - burial 50/1; 4, 5 - burial 52/1; 6 - burial 55/1; 7 - burial 56/1; 8, 9 - burial 56/2; 10, 11 - burial 57/1. Fig. 7. Hand- shaped bowls from the Glinoe cemetery: 1 - burial 60/1; 2 - burial 60/2; 3 - burial 62/1; 4, 5 - burial 64/1; 6 - burial 65/1; 7 - burial 67/4; 8 - burial 68/1; 9 - burial 74/2; 10 - burial 75/2; 11 - burial 76/1; 12 - burial 77/1; 13 - burial 78/3; 14 - burial 81/1; 15 - burial 81/3. Fig. 8. Hand- shaped bowls from the Glinoe cemetery: 1 - burial 82/1; 2 - burial 86/1; 3 - burial 87/1; 4 - burial 88/1; 5 - burial 89/1; 6 - burial 91/2. Fig. 9. Hand- shaped bowls from the Glinoe cemetery: 1 - burial 93/1; 2 - burial 93/2; 3 - burial 94/1; 4 - burial 95/1; 5 - burial 96/1; 6 - burial 96/2; 7 - burial 99/1; 8 - burial 101/2; 9 - grave goods form the barrow №102; 10 - burial 102/3. Fig. 10. Hand-shaped bowls from the Glinoe cemetery: 1 - burial 103/1; 2 - burial 104/1; 3, 4 - burial 105/2; 5 - ditch of the barrow no. 106; 6 - burial 106/1; 7 - burial 107/3; 8 - burial 109/1; 9 - burial 113/1; 10 - burial 114/1; 11 - ditch of the barrow no. 115; 12 - burial 115/1. Fig. 11. Hand-shaped bowls from the Scythian barrows near Tiraspol: 1 - barrow no. 275 near the Glinoe village; 2 - barrow no. 131 near the Parcani village; 3 - barrow no. 154 near the Parcani village; 4 - barrow no. 174 near the Parcani village; 5 - barrow no. 282 near the Cioburciu village; 6 - barrow no. 288 near the Cioburciu village; 7 - barrow no. 402 near the Cioburciu village; 8 - barrow no. 405 near the Cioburciu village; 9 - barrow no. 408 near Cioburciu (all after Мелюкова 1962). Fig. 12. Typology of the hand-shaped bowls. Fig. 13. The types of rim ornamentation of the hand-shaped bowls of the late 4th - 2nd century BC from the Scythian graves on the Dniester bank: 1-3 - raised edges on a horizontal surface of the rims; 4-11 - lugs-festoons on the lateral side of the rims. Fig. 14. Tamgha on the bottom of the hand-shaped bowl form the burial 81/3 of the Scythian cemetery near the Glinoe village.
It is a sports trophy obtained at an inter-school oina (a bat-and-ball game) competition in interwar Bessarabia. We don't know which schools participated in this competition, nor the venue, we only know that one of the winners received the second prize and that the event was held on May 13, 1934. In this way we learn about the existence of different sports competitions organized by schools, including the oina game. Oina is a beautiful and complex sports game that promotes the development of body and spirit, courage and the desire for self-improvement. Oina is a treasure of the Romanian people, which must be sacredly kept and passed on to future generations...
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