The great ruler Stephen the Great, outstanding army commander and diplomat, was also concerned during his life with the economic prosperity of the country, supporting the development of crafts, trade and fairs. During his reign, groși and half groși minted in the dinar system were issued, a monetary system introduced in Moldova during the last reign of Petru Aron (1455-1457).
The coins were minted from silver of superior title, those that reflect stability in the economic life of the country at that time. Their masterful execution at the Suceava mint is among the beautiful artistic achievements during the reign of Stephen the Great.
During his reign, two types of issues were minted, for the two denominations: groși and half groși.
Type I issues have a split shield on the obverse; in the first quarter appears a rose surmounted by a cross and three fascias, in the second quarter. For the epigraph issues (groși), the image is accompanied by the circular legend with the name of the issuer: + STEFANVS VOIEVODA. On the other side appears the bour's head with a star between the horns accompanied by the heraldic furniture - the rose and the contoured crescent, placed to the right and left of the bour's head; circular legend: MOLDAVIE COIN.
On type II coins in the shield on the obverse appears a patriarchal cross (double) and the legend STEFANVSVOIEVOD or abbreviated STEFANVSVOIE. On the reverse, as in type I, the bour's head with heraldic attributes is preserved: rose right/crescent left and crescent right/rose left. A star or rose appears between the ox's horns. The legend accompanying the face with the bour head is MONETAMOLDAVI or abbreviated MONETAMOLDA.
The dating of Stephen the Great's coins is still under discussion. According to one opinion, type I issues were minted between 1457-1476, and type II between 1480/1481-1505 (Octavian Iliescu), and another 1465/1467-1475/1476 for type I and 1476/1479-1497 for type II (Ernest Oberländer-Târnoveanu).
The coins in this showcase were discovered during the archaeological excavations at Orheiul Vechi (Trebujeni, Orhei district) in the 6th and 7th decades of the 20th century:
1. Type I money issues, groși, silver 2. Type II money issues, groși, silver 3. Type II coin issue, half groși, silver
Objets de la période médiévale de la bourgade de Roman (le point Cuptor)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. X [XXV], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Mots clef: la bourgade de Roman, outils, faucille, bêche, hache, couteau, chignoles, couteaux, brides, manilles.
Résumé: Le Musée d'Histoire de Roman a reçu en 1989 un lot d'objets en fer de la période médiévale découverts sur la rue Unirii près du centre historique de la ville. Après une série d'activités administratives de la municipalité on a découvert un four et quelques objets en métal. Une fois arrivés au musée à la suite d'une donation, les objets sont restés dans les dépôts de l'institution muséale jusqu'en 2015 quand ils nous ont retenu notre attention. En conséquence on a choisi un nombre de 27 objets pour les restaurer. Du point de vue archéologique et historique il est important de présenter ces objets en tenant compte de l'ensemble des découvertes provenant des bourgades médiévales - premièrement il s'agit des outils, pièces importantes quand on cherche d'établir une typologie génrale et puis la location d'où viennent les objets, c'est à dire le centre de la bourgade.
Le contexte de la découverte, près d'un four, et la typologie des objets, outils agricoles et de l'artisanat, éléments provenant des portes et pièces utilisables dans les constructions, nous indiquent l'inventaire d'une habitation. L'absence de la céramique et des autres objets spécifiques pour les artisans démontre qu'on se trouve dans la présence d'un four simple (et pas d'un four de potier ou d'un artisan). Les caractéristiques des outils mais aussi la présence d'un récipient céramique de type maïolique découvert dans le même lieu en 1980 nous ont permis de dater ces artefacts dans la seconde partie du XVIème siècle et le début du XVIIème siècle.
Liste des illustrations: Fig. 1. Outils en fer: 1 - faucille; 2 - bêche fragmentaire. Fig. 2. Outils en fer: 1 - bêche / grattoir pour le métier de cuir; 2 - 5 - manche provenant d'un couteau court; 3 - douille d'une pelle; 4 - chignole. Fig. 3. Outils en fer: 1 - hache; 2-7 - couteaux en fer fragmentaires. Fig. 4. Objets en fer: 1 - échappatoire d'une poêle; 2 - charnière; 3 - élément de décoration d'une porte. Fig. 5. Objets en fer: 1-4 - éléments de liaison; 5, 6 - brides et manilles; 7-9 - clous.
George-Dan Hânceanu
The Getic settlement from Roşiori (Neamţ County). Celtic iron objects
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XVI [XXXI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică, Chişinău, 2022
George-Dan Hânceanu
Les Bastarnes de Roşiori. Les résultats de la campagne archéologique de l’année 2016
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XII [XXVII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
The great ruler Stephen the Great, outstanding army commander and diplomat, was also concerned during his life with the economic prosperity of the country, supporting the development of crafts, trade and fairs. During his reign, groși and half groși minted in the dinar system were issued, a monetary system introduced in Moldova during the last reign of Petru Aron (1455-1457)...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.