#Exhibit of the Month

The main parts of the camera include the body, bellows, lens, and viewfinder system. The body consists of two lacquered walnut wood frames, joined by a folding black textile bellows that allows the necessary extension for focusing. On the front panel is the Agfa anastigmat lens, mounted in a Compur-type shutter produced by F. Deckel in Munich. It features a foldable "brilliant" viewfinder for both portrait and landscape orientation. It uses glass photographic plates coated with a photographic emulsion, mounted in walnut wood holders, with a frame size of 9x12 cm.
The walnut wood model, considered the flagship "Agfa Isolar Luxus," was designed by the A.H. Rietzschel factory in Munich, acquired by AGFA in 1925, which continued producing this type of camera under its own name until the late 1920s.
The piece was restored by Mihail Culașco, Restoration Department of NMHM.
Brief History of the Camera
The history of the camera spans 200 years, evolving from the camera obscura to today's digital devices. Key milestones include: the first permanent photograph in 1826 by French physicist Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, using a wooden box and a plate coated with bitumen of Judea; the invention of the first photographic process - daguerreotype - in 1839 by Frenchman Louis Daguerre, marking the official birth of photography; the invention of calotype, based on the negative/positive principle, by British physicist and chemist Fox Talbot; the invention of wet collodion plates by Englishman Frederick Scott Archer and dry glass plates by Richard Leach Maddox and John Huds Bennet; the introduction of flexible roll film and the launch of the first Kodak camera by American inventor George Eastman; the release of the first 35 mm film camera by German company "Leica"; the launch of the first instant camera "Polaroid," invented by American Edwin Land. Finally, starting in 1975, this path led to the digital photography revolution. Each successive step made cameras smaller and faster, significantly improving image quality.
The first photographic studio in Chișinău was opened in 1854 by Eduard Glewski, and before World War I, there were already about 100 photography studios in Bessarabia.
The collection of the National Museum of History of Moldova includes over 30 cameras, made in Austria, Germany, France, USSR, Japan, and China, dating from the late 19th century to the 2000s. Among them are folding bellows cameras, BOX-type cameras, single-lens reflex (SLR) and twin-lens reflex (TLR) cameras, as well as digital (DSLR) cameras.

Virtual Tour

Exhibitions

„Artistic representations on archaeological artifacts”

June 7 – September 7, 2018

Throughout its evolution, mankind has not once demonstrated that, besides the effort for vital survival it was always attracted to spiritual issues, which were often rendered by anthropo- and zoomorphic images, reflecting various beliefs, traditions and aspirations, but also superstitions.

The archaeological heritage of the NMHM holds a rich and extensive collection of artifacts from various materials: chalk, stone, bone, burned clay, bronze, copper, which represent multiple and varied anthropomorphic and zoomorphic images. The objects impress by the uniqueness of the shapes, decor, dimensions and the role they played in people's lives.

119 heritage pieces from this collection are displayed in the temporary exhibition "Artistic representations on archaeological artifacts". The oldest pieces, which show the predilection of the prehistoric man to art, are human and bison figurines discovered in the grotto of Cosăuți, Soroca district, which are made of chalk and are over 20 thousand years old. The most "recent" exhibited pieces are three stools of stove, ornamented with the image of the bicephal eagle and a rampant lion, dated to the 15th-17th centuries and which were discovered in Chişinău and Râşcani.

Depicted in realistic or highly schematic style, the representations of humans and animals found on archeological artifacts are artworks of long-lived communities, carrying information as well as "secrets". Interpreted in a cultic, magical-religious or purely aesthetic key, the pieces in the exhibition are clear testimonies of the manifestation of the ability, intelligence, imagination and openness to beauty of the people from ancient times to the present.

Through this exhibition we wish to familiarize the public with the cultural-artistic representations made by man throughout history on various objects that have been discovered in the archaeological research process, especially in the space between the Prut and Nistru Rivers. The evolution and decline of civilizations can also be traced and studied through these artifacts.

Authentic, unique, important and very beautiful, the exhibited pieces make an arc over time, giving visitors a journey through millennial art and culture, witnesses and messengers of whom they are.