This year we commemorate 350 years since the birth and 300 years since the death of Dimitrie Cantemir (October 26, 1673 - August 21, 1723), the most famous Romanian humanist thinker and also the author of the first original Romanian philosophical works.
Dimitrie Cantemir represents one of the highest peaks of thought of his time, in all areas that his genius touched - in historiography, geography, philosophy, he opened up new perspectives for development. The great scholar was well acquainted with the Muslim environment, speaking, in addition to Western, also Eastern languages (Turkish, Persian and Arabic), and also had extensive knowledge in the fields of logic, medicine, natural sciences, astronomy and music. This well-educated Christian beyzade, being a born diplomat, won the trust of Sultan Ahmed III, who favorably allowed him to familiarize himself with the documents of imperial history that Cantemir used in working on his famous work "The Growth and Decay of the Ottoman Empire", which still remains a reference publication in a specialized bibliography.
The National Museum of History of Moldova possesses a German edition of this work, published in Hamburg in 1745. This edition is an impressive volume of 863 pages, accompanied by a preface in German by the editor, containing words of praise and appreciation: "... we consider that such a work of great significance must be known to the Germans in their mother tongue..."
Dimitrie Cantemir was the first scholar to show that the history of the Ottoman Empire divides into two parts. The first part that of growth, includes biographies of 19 sultans and ends around 1672, when the empire entered a new phase, that of political and military decline. Through this work, Cantemir tried to draw attention to the need for an alliance of European countries against Turkish expansion. At the same time, he praised certain aspects of the culture of the Turkish people.
Like "Description of Moldavia", "The Growth and Decay of the Ottoman Empire" enjoyed wide popularity in European countries. The work was first translated into Russian by Dmitry Grozin, but was not printed. After the death of Dimitrie Cantemir, thanks to his son Antiochus, who became the Russian ambassador in London and then in Paris, this fundamental writing of our scholar was translated and published in English (two volumes, 1734-1735, followed by a new edition in 1756) and in French (1743, in four small volumes). In 1745, the work was also published in German. It was read, highly valued and used in their writings by Voltaire, Byron, Victor Hugo and others. This is the first treatise that addresses the issue of Ottoman power and the multicultural nature of the empire. Work on it began during the author's stay in the Ottoman Empire, resumed after 1711, and finished in 1717. This writing brought him European fame and placed him among the great scholars of the time.
Robin Brigand, Andrei Asăndulesei, Ionuț Nicu Cristi
Autour de la station éponyme de Cucuteni: paysage et peuplement (Valea Oii, Iași, Roumanie)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VIII [XXIII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Ландшафт и поселения вокруг эпонимной стоянки культуры Кукутень (Валя Оий, Яссы, Румыния)
В рамках общего подхода к археологическим памятникам на основе развития инструментов геоматики (ГИС), данная статья посвящена изучению энеолитического населения в пределах бассейна, имеющего четкие границы и представляющего известность в европейской преистории: Валя Оий («Овечья долина») в Ясском уезде (Румыния), где 130 лет назад была обнаружена эпонимная стоянка культуры Кукутень. В контексте устойчивого развития и рационального использования природных ресурсов это исследование претендует на методологический подход к изучению ландшафта и энеолитического населения Молдовы (Румыния).
Список иллюстраций:
Таб. 1. Таблица археологических памятников. Географические координаты, выделенные жирным шрифтом, были определены с использованием GPS. Рис. 1. Археологическая карта бассейна Валя Оий с поселениями культурного комплекса Прекукутень-Кукутень. Рис. 2. Валя Оий и Молдова: количество памятников по периоду (%). Рис. 3. Наклонные аэрофотоснимки - Филиаши-Дялул Маре (№ 5) и Кукутень-Четэцуе (№ 20). Рис. 4. Керамика с памятника Боурень-Дялул Хыртопулуй (№ 9). Рис. 5. Анализ по множеству критериев (склон и экспозиция склонов). Рис. 6. Ландшафтные единицы и контекст поселений (1). Рис. 7. Многомерный анализ. Рис. 8. Ландшафтные единицы и контекст поселений (2). Рис. 9. Расположение 26 поселений в факторном плане. Рис. 10. Классификация памятников по топографическим переменным. Рис. 11. Общая видимость и центральность по степени (CD, degree centrality) графа видимости (Кукутень A и неопределенный). Рис. 12. Центральность по посредничеству (CI, betweeness centrality) графа видимости (Кукутень A и неопределенный).
Robin Brigand
Centuriations romaines dans la plaine de Venise
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VI [XXI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
This year we commemorate 350 years since the birth and 300 years since the death of Dimitrie Cantemir (October 26, 1673 - August 21, 1723), the most famous Romanian humanist thinker and also the author of the first original Romanian philosophical works.Dimitrie Cantemir represents one of the highest peaks of thought of his time, in all areas that his genius touched - in historiography, geography, philosophy, he opened up new perspectives for development...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.