#Exhibit of the Month

We find ourselves in the month of April, as we prepare to celebrate Easter-a moveable religious holiday rich in festive rituals and ceremonial activities that place this event at the very heart of Christian spiritual life. The spirit of the Resurrection is beautifully complemented by ten Easter-themed postcards from the heritage of the National Museum of History of Moldova, printed a century ago. These pieces were added to the museum's postcard collection over a decade ago following a successful acquisition; as the fund for Easter-themed illustrations is modest, we are in a constant search for new additions.

These postcards are "extraordinary" in terms of their postal, typographical, and chromatic effects-the primary reason for revisiting this genre of greetings. Unlike "classic" postcards, these are smaller in size (6.5 cm x 11 cm), made of cardboard (with the exception of one piece made of photographic paper in black and white), and feature "vivid" colors. Printed in Romania and Germany, they bear the marks of having been sent and circulated through the post.

The name of the holiday originates from the verb persach, meaning "to pass," a term adopted by the Jews from the Egyptians. It entered the Romanian language through the Byzantine-Latin form Paschae, signifying the "passage through death to life, the victory of life, and liberation from the bondage of sin." Easter is a holiday of tolerance and forgiveness, representing a bridge between the present and the past. The significance of this celebration is conveyed through its symbols, which are also featured on these postcards: Hand-painted eggs, the Easter Bunny and the Lamb, traditional sweet breads (cozonac and pască), biblical scenes related to the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus Christ.

The Easter table also features pască-a ritual food reminiscent of ancient, bloodless "reconciliation" sacrifices. Its preparation is the exclusive task of women, the givers of life, as the leavened dough is considered "alive."

The most significant component of the Easter holiday, however, is the Light. The Ceremony of the Holy Light is associated with the miracle of the light appearing on Easter Sunday at Christ's Tomb in Jerusalem. The candle, often depicted in these images, carries a powerful message; it is with the Resurrection candle that we return home after the midnight religious service. Furthermore, the Easter Bunny represents the rebirth of nature, so eagerly awaited after a harsh winter.

Unlike Christmas, when the announcement and ritual integration of the community into sacred time was the duty of caroling groups, at Easter, "one does not go from house to house." Instead, the ritual meal is organized within each family, symbolizing a direct communion with God.

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Publications

Journal „Tyragetia"

vol. VIII [XXIII], nr. 1

Bronze objects found in the settlements of Noua-Sabatinovka type in the Prut-Dniester area

ISSN 1857-0240
E-ISSN 2537-6330

Mariana Sîrbu

Bronze objects found in the settlements of Noua-Sabatinovka type in the Prut-Dniester area

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VIII [XXIII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică

This article summarizes the metal objects that have been discovered within the settlements of Noua-Sabatinovka cultural complex in the Prut-Dniester area from 1950s to the present. In comparison with other typical for these cultures objects made of other materials (bone, stone, clay), the number of bronze objects is smaller. This situation is quite natural, given the scarcity and cost of bronze during the Late Bronze Age.

According to archaeological research conducted in the Prut-Dniester area up to now, there are known 112 objects of bronze : needles - 38, owls - 23, rods - 8 , sickles - 8 , bracelets - 6, plaques - 5, pendants - 5, chain links - 5, wires with one end twisted in spiral - 4, plates - 3, daggers - 2, arrowheads - 2, celts - 1, chisel - 1, battle axe - 1.

List of illustrations:

Fig. 1. Map of the Noua-Sabatinovka type settlements, in which bronze objects were discovered: 1 - Ostrivec; 2 - Čertivec; 3 - Stecivka; 4 - Mahala; 5 - Slobozia-Șireuți; 6 - Odaia-Miciurin; 7 - Petrușeni; 8 - Ghindești; 9 - Roșieticii Vechi; 10 - Cobîlnea; 11 - Grigoreuca; 12 - Bălăbănești; 13 - Hansca; 14 - Mereni; 15 - Gura Galbenei; 16 - Cucoara; 17 - Novoselica; 18 - Pivdenne.
Fig. 2. Tools. Celt: 1 - Pivdenne (after Черняков 1966, рис. 5). Chisel: 2 - Mahala (after Балагурi 1971, рис. 111/8). Sickles: 3 - Hansca (after Дергачев 1986, рис. 45/15); 4 - Mahala (after Смирнова 1969, 15, рис. 7/I 28); 5 - Roșieticii Vechi (after Мелюкова 1958, табл. XXVIII/1); 6-10 - Stecivka (after Крушельницка 2006, рис. 29/7-11).
Fig. 3. Utensils. Simple needles: 1, 4, 12 - Ghindești (after Мелюкова 1961, рис. 12/ 9, 10, 11,); 2, 3, 6, 7, 9 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 72/5, 7, 8, 15, 16); 5, 11 - Ostrivec (after Балагурi 1968, рис. 3/3, 4);
8 - Petrușeni (after Sava 1994, fi g. 5/28); 10, 13 - Cucoara (Sava 1994, fi g. 6/28, 33). Awl/chisel: 14, 15, 17, 20, 27 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 72/1, 6, 9, 17, 18); 19 - Cocoara (after Бейлекчи 1974, рис. 4/4). Awls: 16 - Bălăbănești (after Никулицэ 1983, рис. 5/20); 18 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 72/20); 21 - Cobâlnea (after Демченко, Левицкий 1992, рис. 3/5); 22 - Ghindești (after Мелюкова 1961, рис. 12/1); 23, 24, 28 - Ostrivec (after Балагурi 1968, рис. 3/6, 14, 20); 25 - Stecivka (after Крушельницка 2006, рис. 21/12); 26 - Gura Galbenei (after Дергачев 1986, рис. 51/4), 29 - Petrușeni (after Sava 1994, fig. 5/30).
Fig. 4. Adornments. Hairpins: 1, 15, 22 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 72/2, 3); 2, 4, 17, 25 - Ghindești (after Мелюкова 1961, рис. 12/2, 3, 5-7); 3, 16 - Mahala (Смирнова 1957, рис. 39/8, Смирнова 1976, рис. 2/5); 5, 6 8-10, 19, 23, 24 - Ostrivec (after Балагурi 1968, рис. 3/1, 2, 7-13); 7 - Gura Galbenă (after Дергачев 1986, рис. 51/3); 11 - Hansca (after Каврук 1985, рис. 3/1); 12 - Bălăbănești (after Никулица 1983, рис. 5/21); 13 - Petrușeni (after Sava 1994, fig. 5/29); 14 - Slobozia-Şireuți (after Deргачев 1969, таб. 3/17); 18 - Roșieticii Vechi (after Мелюкова 1961, рис. 12/3); 26 - Čertivec (Крушельницка 2006, рис. 17/10).
Fig. 5. Adornments. Plaques: 1 - Ghindești (after Мелюкова 1961, рис. 12/4); 2 - Ostrivec (after Балагурi 1968, рис. 3/19); 3 - Cobâlnea (after Демченко, Левицкий 1992, рис. 2/12) 4 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 72/25). Pendants: 5, 7 - Ghindești (after Дергачев 2012b, илл. 8/23, 24); 6 - Ostrivec (after Балагурi 1968, рис. 3/8); 8 - Mahala (after Смирнова 1969, 15, рис. 7/I 21); 9 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 72/26). Bracelets: 10, 13 - Ostrivec (after Балагурi 1968, рис. 3/15, 16); 14 - Ghindești (after Мелюкова 1961, рис. 12/12); 15 - Roșieticii Vechi (after Мелюкова 1961, рис. 12/8). Ornaments: 11 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 72/27); 12 - Ostivec (after Балагурi 1968, рис. 3/22).
Fig. 6. Weapons. Arrowheads: 1 - Cocoara (Sava 1994, fi g. 6/30); 2 - Novoselica (after Тощев, Черняков 1986, 128, рис. 6/4); 3 - Mahala (after Смирнова 1969, рис. 7/I, 24). Daggers: 4 - Mereni (after Sava 2002, fi g. 3/8); 5 - Mahala (after Смирнова 1969, рис. 7/I, 29). Battle axe: 6 - Stecivka (after Крушельницка 2006, рис. 29/6).

Mariana Sîrbu

The hoard of the late Bronze Age from the village of Antonești (the Cantemir District, Republic of Moldova

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VII [XXII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică

Mariana Sîrbu

Manufacture of items of hard materials of animal origin during the Late Bronze Age (the Noua-Sabatinovka cultural complex)

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. V [XX], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică

Mariana Sîrbu

Pottery of the Noua- Sabatinovka-Coslogeni cultural complex. The typology

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XVII [XXXII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică

Vasile Diaconu, Mariana Sîrbu

Uncommon practice of re-use of Bronze Age stone axes

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XII [XXVII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică