Manufactured in 1902 by AG vorm Siedel & Nauman in Dresden, Germany.
Dimensions: Length - 38 cm, Width - 35 cm, Height - 20 cm. Weight - 16 kg. It entered the museum collection in 1984, transferred from the National Museum of Ethnography and Natural History.
The typewriter features a standard carriage mounted on ball bearings and rollers, along with a keyboard equipped with 42 keys. These contain two complete sets of Latin and Cyrillic alphabets, punctuation marks, numbers, and mathematical symbols, enabling the typing of 126 characters. Beneath the metal casing, the type bars are arranged in a fan-like pattern, holding embossed characters and ink ribbon rollers. When the keys are pressed, the type bars strike the inked ribbon, imprinting characters onto the paper tensioned in the machine's roller system. The side panels are elegantly decorated with refined cast-iron elements in the Art Nouveau style, displaying the brand name - "Ideal." The Polyglott model, featuring a bilingual keyboard patented in the United Kingdom by Max Klaczko from Riga, Latvia, was produced between 1902 and 1913, marking the first typewriter capable of writing in two languages. The "Ideal Polyglott" typewriter was actively sold in the Russian Empire and gained significant popularity in Poland, Bulgaria, and Serbia. The typewriter - a mechanical device used for printing text directly onto paper - ranks among the most important inventions of the modern era, as it revolutionized communication. From the late 19th century to the early 21st century, it became an indispensable tool, widely used by writers, in offices, for business correspondence, and in private homes. The peak of typewriter sales occurred in the 1950s when the average annual sales in the United States reached 12 million units. In November 2012, the British Brother factory produced what it claimed to be the last typewriter, which was donated to the Science Museum in London. The advent of computers, word processing software, printers, and the decreasing cost of these technologies led to the typewriter's disappearance from the mainstream market, turning it into a museum exhibit. June 23 marks Typewriter Day, commemorating the date when American journalist and inventor Christopher Latham Sholes patented his typewriter. This day celebrates the simple yet revolutionary device that has become history, as well as the remarkable literary achievements it has enabled since 1868.
Manufacture of items of hard materials of animal origin during the Late Bronze Age (the Noua-Sabatinovka cultural complex)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. V [XX], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
This article presents the categories of bone and horn objects with the reasoning of their purpose and technique of manufacture. Numerous bone articles found in the settlements and burials of the Noua-Sabatinovka cultural complex indicate the high development of techniques of manufacture of bone tools. From 1956 to 2008 in the course archaeological excavations and prospecting in the territory of the Republic of Moldova there were discovered 620 bone items (awls, scrapers, polishers etc.), 28 horn items (17 made of antler and 11 of cattle horn), 3 wild boar’s tusks, and two shells of mollusks.
List of illustrations: Fig. 1. Map of discoveries of bone items. Fig. 2. 1-9 - Arrow-heads (1-6 - Ghindești; 7, 8 - Odaia; 9 - Slobozia-Şireuți); 10-18 - awls (10 - Ghindești; 11 - Cobâlnea; 12 - Petrușeni; 13-18 - Odaia); 19-26 - needles (19, 24, 25 - Ghindești; 20, 21 - Slobozia-Şireuți; 22, 26 - Cobâlnea; 23 - Odaia) (1-6, 10, 19 - after Мелюкова 1957; 7, 13, 14, 18 - after Sava, Kaiser 2004; 8, 15 - after Sava, Kaiser 2006; 11, 17, 22, 26 - after Левицкий 1988; 12 - Левицкий 1985; 16, 23 - Sava, Kaiser 2007; 24, 25 - Мелюкова 1958). Fig. 3. 1-9 - Awls with incrustations (Frunze); 10-13 - chisels (10, 11 - Petrușeni; 12, 13 - Odaia) (1-9 - after Sava, Agulnicov 2003; 10, 11 - after Sava 1992; 12 - after Sava, Kaiser 2006; 13 - after Sava, Kaiser 2004). Fig. 4. 1-5 - „Skates” (1 - Costești; 2 - Slobodca-Şireuți; 3 - Odaia; 4 - Ghindești; 5 - Cobâlnea (1 - after Дергачёв 1976; 3 - after Sava, Kaiser 2006; 4 - after Мелюкова 1958). Fig. 5. 1-8 - Indented tools made of blade bones (1 - Slobozia-Şireuți; 2, 5 - Nisporeni; 3, 6 - Costești; 4 - Cotiujeni; 7 - Cobâlnea; 8 - Petrușeni (7 - after Левицкий 1988; 8 - after Левицкий 1985). Fig. 6. 1-7 - Sickles-„tupiks” (1-4, 6, 7 - Ghindești; 5 - Costești (1, 2, 7 - after Мелюкова 1958; 3, 4, 6 - after Мелюкова 1957; 5 - after Дергачёв 1976). Fig. 7. 1-9 - Scrapers-polishers (1, 4 - Petrușeni; 2 - Cobâlnea; 3, 8 - Costești; 5, 7 - Odaia; 6 - Ghindești; 9 - Odaia (1, 4 - after Левицкий 1985; 2 - after Левицкий 1988; 5 - after Sava, Kaiser 2006; 6 - after Мелюкова 1957; 7, 9 - after Sava, Kaiser 2004). Fig. 8. 1-5 - Elements of horse harness (1 - Grigoreuca; 2 - Cucoara; 3, 4 - Cobâlnea; 5 - Petrușeni); 6-9 - spindle whorls (6, 7 - Odaia; 8 - Petrușeni; 9 - Cobâlnea) (2 - after Бейлекчи 1974; 3, 4, 9 - after Левицкий 1988; 5 - after Sava 1998; 6 - after Sava, Kaiser 2004; 7 - after Sava, Kaiser 2006; 8 - after Левицкий 1985). Fig. 9. 1, 2 - Handles/tubes (1 - Petrușeni; 2 - Slobozia-Şireuți); 3-5, 9, 10 - pendants (3 - Ghindești; 4 - Petrușeni; 5 - Slobozia-Şireuți; 9 - Ghindești; 10 - Odaia); 6-8 - buttons (6 - Pererâta; 7 - Slobozia-Şireuți; 8 - Crasnoe); 11-15 - dice of lamb ankles (11 - Frunze; 12 - Mereni; 13, 14 - Odaia; 15 - Calfa) (1, 4 - after Левицкий 1985; 6 - after Яровой, Курчятов 1988; 8 - after Серова, Яровой 1987; 9 - after Мелюкова 1957; 10, 14 - after Sava, Kaiser 2006; 11 - after Sava, Agulnicov 2003; 13 - after Sava, Kaiser 2004; 15 - after Чеботаренко 1963). Fig. 10. 1, 2 - Bull horns (1 - Mereni; 2 - Petrușeni); 3-6 - antlers (3 - Costești; 4-6 - Cobâlnea). (2 - after Левицкий 1985; 4-6 - after Левицкий 1988).
Mariana Sîrbu, Veaceslav Bicbaev
A pit of the Late Bronze Age discovered near the lake of Valea Morilor in Chișinău
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. X [XXV], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Mariana Sîrbu
The clay objects found in the settlements of the Noua-Sabatinovka type in the Carpathian-Dniester area
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VI [XXI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Mariana Sîrbu, Denis Topal, Eugen Sava, Lazar Dermenji
Bronze items discovered on the settlements of the Noua-Sabatinovka cultures from the collection of the National Museum of History of Moldova
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XIV [XXIX], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică, Chişinău, 2020
Mariana Sîrbu
Stone objects found in the settlements of Noua-Sabatinovka cultures in the Prut-Dniester area
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VII [XXII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Mariana Sîrbu, Sergiu Popovici, Vlad Vornic
The hoard of bronze artifacts discovered near village Haragîş (Cantemir district)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XIII [XXVIII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Manufactured in 1902 by AG vorm Siedel & Nauman in Dresden, Germany. Dimensions: Length - 38 cm, Width - 35 cm, Height - 20 cm. Weight - 16 kg. It entered the museum collection in 1984, transferred from the National Museum of Ethnography and Natural History...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The side panels are elegantly decorated with refined cast-iron elements in the Art Nouveau style, displaying the brand name - "Ideal." The Polyglott model, featuring a bilingual keyboard patented in the United Kingdom by Max Klaczko from Riga, Latvia, was produced between 1902 and 1913, marking the first typewriter capable of writing in two languages. The "Ideal Polyglott" typewriter was actively sold in the Russian Empire and gained significant popularity in Poland, Bulgaria, and Serbia.
31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
