#Exhibit of the Month

The great ruler Stephen the Great, outstanding army commander and diplomat, was also concerned during his life with the economic prosperity of the country, supporting the development of crafts, trade and fairs. During his reign, groși and half groși minted in the dinar system were issued, a monetary system introduced in Moldova during the last reign of Petru Aron (1455-1457).

The coins were minted from silver of superior title, those that reflect stability in the economic life of the country at that time. Their masterful execution at the Suceava mint is among the beautiful artistic achievements during the reign of Stephen the Great.

During his reign, two types of issues were minted, for the two denominations: groși and half groși.

Type I issues have a split shield on the obverse; in the first quarter appears a rose surmounted by a cross and three fascias, in the second quarter. For the epigraph issues (groși), the image is accompanied by the circular legend with the name of the issuer: + STEFANVS VOIEVODA. On the other side appears the bour's head with a star between the horns accompanied by the heraldic furniture - the rose and the contoured crescent, placed to the right and left of the bour's head; circular legend: MOLDAVIE COIN.

On type II coins in the shield on the obverse appears a patriarchal cross (double) and the legend STEFANVSVOIEVOD or abbreviated STEFANVSVOIE. On the reverse, as in type I, the bour's head with heraldic attributes is preserved: rose right/crescent left and crescent right/rose left. A star or rose appears between the ox's horns. The legend accompanying the face with the bour head is MONETAMOLDAVI or abbreviated MONETAMOLDA.

The dating of Stephen the Great's coins is still under discussion. According to one opinion, type I issues were minted between 1457-1476, and type II between 1480/1481-1505 (Octavian Iliescu), and another 1465/1467-1475/1476 for type I and 1476/1479-1497 for type II (Ernest Oberländer-Târnoveanu).

The coins in this showcase were discovered during the archaeological excavations at Orheiul Vechi (Trebujeni, Orhei district) in the 6th and 7th decades of the 20th century:

1. Type I money issues, groși, silver
2. Type II money issues, groși, silver
3. Type II coin issue, half groși, silver

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Publications

Journal „Tyragetia"

vol. VII [XXII], nr. 1

Stone objects found in the settlements of Noua-Sabatinovka cultures in the Prut-Dniester area

ISSN 1857-0240
E-ISSN 2537-6330

Mariana Sîrbu

Stone objects found in the settlements of Noua-Sabatinovka cultures in the Prut-Dniester area

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VII [XXII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică

As a result of archaeological research, which are carried out from 1950s to the present in the Prut-Dniester area, in the settlements, as well as through random findings, it was found about 412 artifacts of stone (scrapers, fragments of mills, discs, polishers, casting moulds, axes, etc.) and 129 ones of flint (hammerstones, knives, arrowheads, blades) relating to the Noua-Sabatinovka type. The article presents the categories of lithic objects and attempts to clarify their attribution.

List of illustrations:

Fig. 1. Stone scrapers: 1, 2, 7, 8 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Sava, Kaiser 2004, fig. 16/7, 63/2; Sava 2008, fig. 16/7, 24/5); 3, 4 - Căușeni (after Левинский 1986, рис. 8/1, 3); 5 - Petrușeni (after Sava 1992, fig. 6/1); 6 - Cobâlea (after Левицкий 1988, рис. 28/1).

Fig. 2. Grinders: 1, 2, 4 - Cobâlea (after Левицкий 1988, рис. 20/4, 23/3, 28/2); Petrușeni (after Sava 1992, рис. 6/4).

Fig. 3. Stone polishers: 1, 3, 6, 7 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 88/5, 6, 9, 13); 2 - Hansca (after Postică, Cavruc 1991, fig. 7/8); 4 - Čortovec' (after Крушельницька 2006, рис. 17/9). Grindstone: 5 - Petrușeni (After Sava 1992, fig. 6/5).

Fig. 4. Stone disks: 1-4 - Slobozia-Şireuți; 5, 6 - Cuconești; 7 - Fetești (after Ларина 1976, рис. 6/3); 8 - Odaia- Miciurin (after Sava 2008, fig. 36/9).

Fig. 5. Polishers: 1-5, 7, 10, 11 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 87/3-6, 9, 13); 6 - Nisporeni; 8 - Căușeni (after Левинский 1986, рис. 8/2); 9 - Cobâlea (after Левицкий 1988, рис. 18/6); 12 - Ghindești (after Мелюкова 1958, табл. XXVI/8). Hammerstones: 10, 14 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 87/14, 15); 13 - Ghindești (after Мелюкова 1957, табл. XIX/5); 15 - Novoselicja (after Тощев, Черняков 1986, рис. 6/11).

Fig. 6. Hoe: 1 - Slobozia-Şireuți (after Дергачев 1969, табл. III/26). Stone axes: 2 - Petrușeni (after Sava 1992, fig. 9/3); 3 - Ghindești (after Мелюкова 1957, табл. XIX/4); 4 - Mahala (after Смирнова 1972, рис. 6/11); 5 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 88/1); 6 - Slobozia-Şireuți; 7 - Căușeni (after Левинский 1986, рис. 7/1). Stone maces: 8, 10, 11 - Slobozia-Şireuți; 9 - Ghindești (after Мелюкова 1957, табл. XIX/3).

Fig. 7. Stone casting moulds: 1 - Cobâlea (after Левицкий 1988, рис. 27/1); 2, 6 - Ostrivec' (after Археология 1985, рис. 131/32, 36); 3, 8 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 88/2, 4); 4, 5 - Bălănești (after Sava 2011, Abb. 5/1, 6/1); 7 - Mahala (after Смирнова 1972, 24, рис. 9/1).

Fig. 8. Pestles/scepters: 1, 3, 6 - Chiperceni (after Савва 1987, рис. 2/9, 14, 3/9); 2 - Petreni (after Савва 1987, 64, рис. 2/4); 4 - Ghindești (after Мелюкова 1958, табл. XXVI/7); 7 - Stecivka (after Крушельницька 2006, рис. 13/6); 8 - Bahu (after Дергачев 2012, илл. II/35); 9, 10 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 87/11, 12). Stone pounder: 5 - Basarabeasca (after Савва 1987, рис. 2/24).

Fig. 9. Flint blades: 1, 6 - Cobâlea (after Левицкий 1988, рис. 4/7, 16/11); 2 - Slobozia-Şireuți; 3 - Petrușeni (after Левицкий 1985, рис. 16/12); 4 - Căușeni (after Левинский 1986, рис. 7/3); 5, 7-10 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 90/2, 4, 7-9). Flint arrowheads: 11, 12 - Cobâlea (after Левицкий 1988, рис. 4/3, 17/1); 13 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 90/1). Flint knives: 8, 10 - Petrușeni (after Левицкий 1985, рис. 15/21, 22); 9 - Slobozia-Şireuți (after Дергачев 1969, 121, табл. III/28). Flint hammerstones: 17, 19 - Petrușeni (after Sava 1992, fig. 9/4, 7); 18-21 - Slobozia-Şireuți; 22 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 89/1); 23 - Čortovec' (after Крушельницька 2006, 40, рис. 17/6).

Fig. 10. Stone and flint tools found in the area of the Noua-Sabatinovka cultural complex on the territory of Ukraine to the east of the Dniester and in Romania: 1, 2 - knives; 3, 4 - arrowheads; 5 - flint blade; 6, 7 - polishers; 8 - hammerstone; 9 - disk; 10, 15 - hoes; 11-13 - pestles / scepters; 14 - grindstone; 16 - pounder; 17 - casting mould; 18 - mace; 19, 22 - polishers; 20, 21 - axes. 1 - Trușești; 2 - Probota; 3, 4, 19 - Gârbovăț; 5, 14 - Dorobanțu; 6, 7, 13, 18 - Zlatopol; 8-10 - Novokievka; 11 - Voinești; 12, 15 - Sergeevskij Zaliv; 16 - Uškalka; 17 - Nicoleni; 20-22 - Tăvădărăști. 1-5, 11, 14, 17, 19-22 (after Florescu 1991, fig. 113/4; 158/5, 6; 159/6; 162/2, 5; 163/3, 8, 10; 164/2, 8); 6-10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18 (after Gerškovič 1999, Taf. 9/10, 12; 10/2; 35/4, 9, 10; 45/8, 10).

Fig. 11. Stone and flint tools found in other cultures synchronous or partially synchronous to the Noua-Sabatinovka cultural complex. Cultures: Komarovo (1, 2, 10, 11, 13), Gava-Holigrady (4, 9), Belogrudovka (3, 5, 6, 12, 14), Belozerka (7, 8, 16), Srubna (15, 17). 1-5 - knives; 6 - arrowhead; 7 - pestle / scepter; 8, 9 - grindstones; 10, 11 - polishers; 12 - mace; 13 - spindle whorl; 14-16 - casting moulds; 17 - grinder. 1, 2, 10, 11 - Coteala; 3 - Kirovo; 4, 9, 13 - Miškovič; 5 - Belogrudovskij Les; 6, 14 - Sobkovka; 7 - Uškalka; 8 - Zapovitne; 12 - Andrusovka; 15 - Pilipčatino; 16 - Zavadovka; 17 - Iličovka. 1, 2, 10, 11 (after Sava 1994, fig. 3/19, 20, 30, 33); 3, 5-8, 12, 14-17 (after Археология 1985, рис. 112/40; 127/1, 20; 136/1, 4, 5, 7; 142/19, 44, 52); 4, 9, 13 (after Малеев 1976, рис. 2/7, 10, 11).

Mariana Sîrbu

The clay objects found in the settlements of the Noua-Sabatinovka type in the Carpathian-Dniester area

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VI [XXI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică

Mariana Sîrbu

Complementing the data on the collection of stone artifacts found at the first studied settlement of the Noua culture on the territory of the Republic of Moldova

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XVI [XXXI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică, Chişinău, 2022

Regina Uhl, Mariana Vasilache-Curoșu, Veaceslav Bicbaev, Mariana Sîrbu, Livia Sîrbu

Bericht über die archäologischen Arbeiten in Petreni, Republik Moldau

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. X [XXV], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică

Mariana Sîrbu, Stanislav Țerna

Stolniceni II – a new settlement with “ash lenses” discovered in the northern zone of the Republic of Moldova

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XI [XXVI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică