#Exhibit of the Month

We find ourselves in the month of April, as we prepare to celebrate Easter-a moveable religious holiday rich in festive rituals and ceremonial activities that place this event at the very heart of Christian spiritual life. The spirit of the Resurrection is beautifully complemented by ten Easter-themed postcards from the heritage of the National Museum of History of Moldova, printed a century ago. These pieces were added to the museum's postcard collection over a decade ago following a successful acquisition; as the fund for Easter-themed illustrations is modest, we are in a constant search for new additions.

These postcards are "extraordinary" in terms of their postal, typographical, and chromatic effects-the primary reason for revisiting this genre of greetings. Unlike "classic" postcards, these are smaller in size (6.5 cm x 11 cm), made of cardboard (with the exception of one piece made of photographic paper in black and white), and feature "vivid" colors. Printed in Romania and Germany, they bear the marks of having been sent and circulated through the post.

The name of the holiday originates from the verb persach, meaning "to pass," a term adopted by the Jews from the Egyptians. It entered the Romanian language through the Byzantine-Latin form Paschae, signifying the "passage through death to life, the victory of life, and liberation from the bondage of sin." Easter is a holiday of tolerance and forgiveness, representing a bridge between the present and the past. The significance of this celebration is conveyed through its symbols, which are also featured on these postcards: Hand-painted eggs, the Easter Bunny and the Lamb, traditional sweet breads (cozonac and pască), biblical scenes related to the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus Christ.

The Easter table also features pască-a ritual food reminiscent of ancient, bloodless "reconciliation" sacrifices. Its preparation is the exclusive task of women, the givers of life, as the leavened dough is considered "alive."

The most significant component of the Easter holiday, however, is the Light. The Ceremony of the Holy Light is associated with the miracle of the light appearing on Easter Sunday at Christ's Tomb in Jerusalem. The candle, often depicted in these images, carries a powerful message; it is with the Resurrection candle that we return home after the midnight religious service. Furthermore, the Easter Bunny represents the rebirth of nature, so eagerly awaited after a harsh winter.

Unlike Christmas, when the announcement and ritual integration of the community into sacred time was the duty of caroling groups, at Easter, "one does not go from house to house." Instead, the ritual meal is organized within each family, symbolizing a direct communion with God.

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Publications

Journal „Tyragetia"

vol. VII [XXII], nr. 1

Stone objects found in the settlements of Noua-Sabatinovka cultures in the Prut-Dniester area

ISSN 1857-0240
E-ISSN 2537-6330

Mariana Sîrbu

Stone objects found in the settlements of Noua-Sabatinovka cultures in the Prut-Dniester area

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VII [XXII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică

As a result of archaeological research, which are carried out from 1950s to the present in the Prut-Dniester area, in the settlements, as well as through random findings, it was found about 412 artifacts of stone (scrapers, fragments of mills, discs, polishers, casting moulds, axes, etc.) and 129 ones of flint (hammerstones, knives, arrowheads, blades) relating to the Noua-Sabatinovka type. The article presents the categories of lithic objects and attempts to clarify their attribution.

List of illustrations:

Fig. 1. Stone scrapers: 1, 2, 7, 8 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Sava, Kaiser 2004, fig. 16/7, 63/2; Sava 2008, fig. 16/7, 24/5); 3, 4 - Căușeni (after Левинский 1986, рис. 8/1, 3); 5 - Petrușeni (after Sava 1992, fig. 6/1); 6 - Cobâlea (after Левицкий 1988, рис. 28/1).

Fig. 2. Grinders: 1, 2, 4 - Cobâlea (after Левицкий 1988, рис. 20/4, 23/3, 28/2); Petrușeni (after Sava 1992, рис. 6/4).

Fig. 3. Stone polishers: 1, 3, 6, 7 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 88/5, 6, 9, 13); 2 - Hansca (after Postică, Cavruc 1991, fig. 7/8); 4 - Čortovec' (after Крушельницька 2006, рис. 17/9). Grindstone: 5 - Petrușeni (After Sava 1992, fig. 6/5).

Fig. 4. Stone disks: 1-4 - Slobozia-Şireuți; 5, 6 - Cuconești; 7 - Fetești (after Ларина 1976, рис. 6/3); 8 - Odaia- Miciurin (after Sava 2008, fig. 36/9).

Fig. 5. Polishers: 1-5, 7, 10, 11 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 87/3-6, 9, 13); 6 - Nisporeni; 8 - Căușeni (after Левинский 1986, рис. 8/2); 9 - Cobâlea (after Левицкий 1988, рис. 18/6); 12 - Ghindești (after Мелюкова 1958, табл. XXVI/8). Hammerstones: 10, 14 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 87/14, 15); 13 - Ghindești (after Мелюкова 1957, табл. XIX/5); 15 - Novoselicja (after Тощев, Черняков 1986, рис. 6/11).

Fig. 6. Hoe: 1 - Slobozia-Şireuți (after Дергачев 1969, табл. III/26). Stone axes: 2 - Petrușeni (after Sava 1992, fig. 9/3); 3 - Ghindești (after Мелюкова 1957, табл. XIX/4); 4 - Mahala (after Смирнова 1972, рис. 6/11); 5 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 88/1); 6 - Slobozia-Şireuți; 7 - Căușeni (after Левинский 1986, рис. 7/1). Stone maces: 8, 10, 11 - Slobozia-Şireuți; 9 - Ghindești (after Мелюкова 1957, табл. XIX/3).

Fig. 7. Stone casting moulds: 1 - Cobâlea (after Левицкий 1988, рис. 27/1); 2, 6 - Ostrivec' (after Археология 1985, рис. 131/32, 36); 3, 8 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 88/2, 4); 4, 5 - Bălănești (after Sava 2011, Abb. 5/1, 6/1); 7 - Mahala (after Смирнова 1972, 24, рис. 9/1).

Fig. 8. Pestles/scepters: 1, 3, 6 - Chiperceni (after Савва 1987, рис. 2/9, 14, 3/9); 2 - Petreni (after Савва 1987, 64, рис. 2/4); 4 - Ghindești (after Мелюкова 1958, табл. XXVI/7); 7 - Stecivka (after Крушельницька 2006, рис. 13/6); 8 - Bahu (after Дергачев 2012, илл. II/35); 9, 10 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 87/11, 12). Stone pounder: 5 - Basarabeasca (after Савва 1987, рис. 2/24).

Fig. 9. Flint blades: 1, 6 - Cobâlea (after Левицкий 1988, рис. 4/7, 16/11); 2 - Slobozia-Şireuți; 3 - Petrușeni (after Левицкий 1985, рис. 16/12); 4 - Căușeni (after Левинский 1986, рис. 7/3); 5, 7-10 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 90/2, 4, 7-9). Flint arrowheads: 11, 12 - Cobâlea (after Левицкий 1988, рис. 4/3, 17/1); 13 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 90/1). Flint knives: 8, 10 - Petrușeni (after Левицкий 1985, рис. 15/21, 22); 9 - Slobozia-Şireuți (after Дергачев 1969, 121, табл. III/28). Flint hammerstones: 17, 19 - Petrușeni (after Sava 1992, fig. 9/4, 7); 18-21 - Slobozia-Şireuți; 22 - Odaia-Miciurin (after Сава, Кайзер 2011, рис. 89/1); 23 - Čortovec' (after Крушельницька 2006, 40, рис. 17/6).

Fig. 10. Stone and flint tools found in the area of the Noua-Sabatinovka cultural complex on the territory of Ukraine to the east of the Dniester and in Romania: 1, 2 - knives; 3, 4 - arrowheads; 5 - flint blade; 6, 7 - polishers; 8 - hammerstone; 9 - disk; 10, 15 - hoes; 11-13 - pestles / scepters; 14 - grindstone; 16 - pounder; 17 - casting mould; 18 - mace; 19, 22 - polishers; 20, 21 - axes. 1 - Trușești; 2 - Probota; 3, 4, 19 - Gârbovăț; 5, 14 - Dorobanțu; 6, 7, 13, 18 - Zlatopol; 8-10 - Novokievka; 11 - Voinești; 12, 15 - Sergeevskij Zaliv; 16 - Uškalka; 17 - Nicoleni; 20-22 - Tăvădărăști. 1-5, 11, 14, 17, 19-22 (after Florescu 1991, fig. 113/4; 158/5, 6; 159/6; 162/2, 5; 163/3, 8, 10; 164/2, 8); 6-10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18 (after Gerškovič 1999, Taf. 9/10, 12; 10/2; 35/4, 9, 10; 45/8, 10).

Fig. 11. Stone and flint tools found in other cultures synchronous or partially synchronous to the Noua-Sabatinovka cultural complex. Cultures: Komarovo (1, 2, 10, 11, 13), Gava-Holigrady (4, 9), Belogrudovka (3, 5, 6, 12, 14), Belozerka (7, 8, 16), Srubna (15, 17). 1-5 - knives; 6 - arrowhead; 7 - pestle / scepter; 8, 9 - grindstones; 10, 11 - polishers; 12 - mace; 13 - spindle whorl; 14-16 - casting moulds; 17 - grinder. 1, 2, 10, 11 - Coteala; 3 - Kirovo; 4, 9, 13 - Miškovič; 5 - Belogrudovskij Les; 6, 14 - Sobkovka; 7 - Uškalka; 8 - Zapovitne; 12 - Andrusovka; 15 - Pilipčatino; 16 - Zavadovka; 17 - Iličovka. 1, 2, 10, 11 (after Sava 1994, fig. 3/19, 20, 30, 33); 3, 5-8, 12, 14-17 (after Археология 1985, рис. 112/40; 127/1, 20; 136/1, 4, 5, 7; 142/19, 44, 52); 4, 9, 13 (after Малеев 1976, рис. 2/7, 10, 11).

Eugen Sava, Mariana Sîrbu

The „ashpit” settlements in the basin of Răut (Catalog)

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. III [XVIII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică

Vasile Diaconu, Mariana Sîrbu

Uncommon practice of re-use of Bronze Age stone axes

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XII [XXVII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică

Mariana Sîrbu

A hoard of bronze objects found near the village of Marinici (Nisporeni District, Republic of Moldova)

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XVIII [XXXIII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică

Mariana Sîrbu, Stanislav Țerna

Stolniceni II – a new settlement with “ash lenses” discovered in the northern zone of the Republic of Moldova

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XI [XXVI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică