It is a sports trophy obtained at an inter-school oina (a bat-and-ball game) competition in interwar Bessarabia. We don't know which schools participated in this competition, nor the venue, we only know that one of the winners received the second prize and that the event was held on May 13, 1934. In this way we learn about the existence of different sports competitions organized by schools, including the oina game. Oina is a beautiful and complex sports game that promotes the development of body and spirit, courage and the desire for self-improvement. Oina is a treasure of the Romanian people, which must be sacredly kept and passed on to future generations.
The oină or hoina game is considered a Romanian national sports game having a history of at least six centuries. The oina game is practiced continuously, according to the chronicles and deeds of the time at least from the 14th century, being mentioned for the first time in 1364, during the reign of Vlaicu Vodă. The game requires complex sports qualities (good running speed, fast reflexes in self-defense movements against the balls, accuracy in throwing and hitting the ball with a bat or stick). Oina is a sport that identifies us to the same extent as trânta, our national wrestling. The game becomes attractive among young people in the villages, enters the school curriculum through physical education lessons. Through the Education Reform of 1898, as well as through other ministerial decisions, Education Minister Spiru Haret introduces the compulsory oina lessons in all schools, as well as the annual oina competitions.
On May 9, 1899, in Bucharest, the first national oina championship was organized, the teams being made up of high school students. The winner was the team of Nicolae Bălcescu High School from Brăila.
In 1912, the Federation of the Romanian Sports Society (Bucharest) was created, which consisted of 13 sports commissions including the oina commission.
After the Union of 1918, the Federation of the Romanian Sports Society was reorganized in 1923, including the other oina sports commissions of Transylvania, Bukovina and Bessarabia.
In 1932, the Romanian Oina Federation was founded.
Сергей Разумов, Сергей Лысенко, Виталий Синика, Николай Тельнов
Early Bronze Age ritual complex from the left bank of the Lower Dniester
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. X [XXV], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Keywords: Early Bronze Age, Late Neolithic, funerary practice, Usatovo culture, Lower Dniester, dogs' burials.
Abstract: In 2015 the employees of the Pridnestrovian State University conducted rescue excavations of three barows from the group «Sad» near Glinoe Village, Slobodzeiya district on the left bank of the Lower Dniester. In the barrow 4, in addition to the seven secondary Early Iron Age graves, the burial of a small child and related constructions were found: 11 round ritual pits with animal bones and a fireplace located on the ancient horizon in a certain order, surrounded by a ring ditch with two gaps. Two pits contained dogs' burials, and the one pit - a young specimen of small cattle. Funeral practice and inventory of the main burial and features of the under barrow constructions allow to attribute this monument to the earliest stage of Usatovo culture - to the time, when its carriers had active contacts with the population of the Yamna cultural-historical community. Barrow 4 of the group «Sad» near Glinoe village is preliminary dated to the turn of the 4th-3rd millennia BC. The interpretation of this barrow as a sanctuary of Early Bronze Age, probably associated with the ritual sacrifice of animals and humans, is the most reasonable.
List of illustrations: Fig. 1. Geographical and topographical location of the barrow cemetery "Sad" near Glinoe village. Fig. 2. Plan of the barrow 4 of the cemetery "Sad". Fig. 3. Profiles of baulks of the barrow 4 of the cemetery "Sad". Fig. 4. Objects of the Early Bronze Age from the barrow 4 of the cemetery "Sad": 1, 2 - plan and section of the object 15; 3 - flint flake from the object 15; 4 - fragment of the vessel from the object 15; 5 - object 4; 6 - object 5. Fig. 5. Objects of the Early Bronze Age from the barrow 4 of the cemetery "Sad": 1 - object 1; 2 - object 2. Fig. 6. Objects of the Early Bronze Age from the barrow 4 of the cemetery "Sad": 1 - object 7; 2 - object 8; 3 - object 10; 4 - object 19; 5 - object 9; 6 - object 12; 7 - object 14. Fig. 7. Plan of the barrow 6 near Nikol'skoe village, Slobodzeja district on the left bank of the Lower Dniester (after Агульников, Сава 2004, рис. 22).
It is a sports trophy obtained at an inter-school oina (a bat-and-ball game) competition in interwar Bessarabia. We don't know which schools participated in this competition, nor the venue, we only know that one of the winners received the second prize and that the event was held on May 13, 1934. In this way we learn about the existence of different sports competitions organized by schools, including the oina game. Oina is a beautiful and complex sports game that promotes the development of body and spirit, courage and the desire for self-improvement. Oina is a treasure of the Romanian people, which must be sacredly kept and passed on to future generations...
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