This clay vessel was discovered in 1982 by archaeologist V. Sorochin during excavations of a burial mound (no. 1) located in the village of Speia, Dubăsari District. It originates from grave no. 5 and is dated to the 4th millennium BC, belonging to the Usatovo culture. The vessel was found in a child's grave. The burial pit had an oval shape, and the deceased was laid in a crouched position (similar to the fetal posture), on the left side. A total of five vessels were uncovered in this grave: three near the back, one at the feet, and one in the pelvic area. The cultural attribution of this funerary complex was determined based on the burial rite and grave goods. This culture is characterized by the specific construction of the burial pit, as well as the positioning and orientation of the deceased toward the east and northeast. The vessel is shaped from clay mixed with finely crushed shell. Its walls curve gradually toward the top, with the widest diameter at the shoulder area. It has a short neck, a slightly flared rim, and a flat base. The surface is carefully polished, in some areas to a lustrous finish. The interior is reddish-brown, while the exterior is yellowish-brown with gray spots. The rim features groups of perforations, three of which are preserved in their original state. The diameter of the holes is 0.35 cm. The space between the groups of perforations is decorated with cord impressions. The transition from the neck to the shoulder is adorned with three horizontal lines made with cord, from which, in five places, three vertical lines descend, each 5 cm long, executed using the same technique. At the time of discovery, these lines were filled with a white paste. The space between the groups of lines is decorated at the top with short vertical lines (0.5 cm long), and in the center with a meander ornament made of two parallel lines impressed with cord. The base of the vessel retains the imprint of a textile. Vessel dimensions: Height: 22 cm; Rim diameter: 15.7 cm; Maximum diameter: 22 cm; Base diameter: 10 cm.
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. V [XX], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
The idea to involve Jews in Russia in agricultural work appeared for the first time at the late 18th - early 19th centuries, having been originated from both Russian statesmen and representatives of the Jewish intellectual elite. Among the first ones we can mention Chatsky with his project of 1788, Frizel and especially Derzhavin, among the latter – Nota Notkin (1798) and I.B. Levinson (the late 1820s). The government was also interested in this idea, intending to make the Jews “useful citizens for the benefit of the State” and use them, along with the Germans and Bulgarians, for the colonization of the territories of Novorossiya.
The final status of the Jewish farmers was confirmed by a special statute from December 26, 1844, under which they had been provided with a number of privileges: exemption for 10 years from payment of all taxes and financial charges (except personal ones) with respect to the land in use, from payment of all arrears on a previous state, from recruitment for a period of 25 years, etc. Each family received 30 dessiatinas of land.
According to the tax census of 1851, in Bessarabia there were registered 1966 Jewish farmers. By 1857 in Bessarabia there were already 13 Jewish colonies: in the counties of Hotin (1), Soroca (6) Iasi (2), Orhei (2), Chisinau (1), and Bender (1).
Later the number of Jewish colonies has declined. In 1874 they had only 8 ones (including an uninhabited): 1 colony in the Iasi county and 7 colonies (including the uninhabited one) in the Soroca county.
Although the Jewish farmers benefited from certain privileges and some measures were taken for their promotion, household level in the Jewish colonies was quite low, which proved the Jews’ inability of the agricultural labour and their negative attitude towards this branch of economy, since by their nature they tended to trade and crafts.
Valentin Tomuleț
The protests and the revindications of the Bessarabian people in the first decades after the annexation of the territories between the Prut and Dniester rivers to Russia (years 1812-1828)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. II [XVII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Valentin Tomuleț, Angela Baxan
On the question of competence of the Supreme Council of Bessarabian Oblast (August 28, 1816 - February 29, 1828)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. X [XXV], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Valentin Tomuleț
Taxation of the mazili and ruptași social categories in Bessarabia under the Tsarist domination (1812-1847)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VIII [XXIII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Valentin Tomuleț, Victoria Bivol
Representatives of bourgeois elite in Bessarabia: Greek merchant Pantelei Sinadino (1830-1850)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VII [XXII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Valentin Tomuleț
The establishment of special administration of city Ismail and its role in the evolution of commercial bourgeoisie (1830-1853)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IV [XIX], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
This clay vessel was discovered in 1982 by archaeologist V. Sorochin during excavations of a burial mound (no. 1) located in the village of Speia, Dubăsari District. It originates from grave no. 5 and is dated to the 4th millennium BC, belonging to the Usatovo culture...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
