This year we commemorate 350 years since the birth and 300 years since the death of Dimitrie Cantemir (October 26, 1673 - August 21, 1723), the most famous Romanian humanist thinker and also the author of the first original Romanian philosophical works.
Dimitrie Cantemir represents one of the highest peaks of thought of his time, in all areas that his genius touched - in historiography, geography, philosophy, he opened up new perspectives for development. The great scholar was well acquainted with the Muslim environment, speaking, in addition to Western, also Eastern languages (Turkish, Persian and Arabic), and also had extensive knowledge in the fields of logic, medicine, natural sciences, astronomy and music. This well-educated Christian beyzade, being a born diplomat, won the trust of Sultan Ahmed III, who favorably allowed him to familiarize himself with the documents of imperial history that Cantemir used in working on his famous work "The Growth and Decay of the Ottoman Empire", which still remains a reference publication in a specialized bibliography.
The National Museum of History of Moldova possesses a German edition of this work, published in Hamburg in 1745. This edition is an impressive volume of 863 pages, accompanied by a preface in German by the editor, containing words of praise and appreciation: "... we consider that such a work of great significance must be known to the Germans in their mother tongue..."
Dimitrie Cantemir was the first scholar to show that the history of the Ottoman Empire divides into two parts. The first part that of growth, includes biographies of 19 sultans and ends around 1672, when the empire entered a new phase, that of political and military decline. Through this work, Cantemir tried to draw attention to the need for an alliance of European countries against Turkish expansion. At the same time, he praised certain aspects of the culture of the Turkish people.
Like "Description of Moldavia", "The Growth and Decay of the Ottoman Empire" enjoyed wide popularity in European countries. The work was first translated into Russian by Dmitry Grozin, but was not printed. After the death of Dimitrie Cantemir, thanks to his son Antiochus, who became the Russian ambassador in London and then in Paris, this fundamental writing of our scholar was translated and published in English (two volumes, 1734-1735, followed by a new edition in 1756) and in French (1743, in four small volumes). In 1745, the work was also published in German. It was read, highly valued and used in their writings by Voltaire, Byron, Victor Hugo and others. This is the first treatise that addresses the issue of Ottoman power and the multicultural nature of the empire. Work on it began during the author's stay in the Ottoman Empire, resumed after 1711, and finished in 1717. This writing brought him European fame and placed him among the great scholars of the time.
Protoierey Mihail Chakir – orthodox priest, gagauzian spiritual leader and historian (1861-1938) – and the question of emancipation of gagauzians as the independent nation
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IX [XXIV], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie Chișinău, 2015
Протоиерей Михаил Чакир - православный священнослужитель, историк и духовный лидер гагаузов - и вопрос эмансипации гагаузов как самостоятельного народа
Резюме
В статье освещаются основные факты биографии гагаузского священнослужителя и просветителя Михаила Чакира, оказавшего огромное влияние на формирование четкой самоидентификации и национального самосознания у гагаузов.
Личность и достижения этого выдающегося деятеля рассматриваются в связи с вопросами этнического происхождения и истории гагаузов. По мнению авторов, существуют два отдельных периода в эмансипации гагаузов и отделении их от «болгарских колонистов». Первый период включает в себя отделение гагаузов от болгар и «создание» этого этноса румынскими, а затем советскими властями по политическим соображениям, согласно принципу «разделяй и властвуй», для ослабления крупной болгарской диаспоры в Бессарабии. Второй период характеризуется пробуждением национального самосознания у гагаузов под влиянием гагаузской интеллигенции.
Jerzy Hatłas
The Bulgarians in Transnistria
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VII [XXII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Marek Żyromski
The patterns of promotion within the roman army and administration – patronage versus experience and specialization
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. III [XVIII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Marek Żyromski
Power, legitimization and propaganda in Imperial Rome
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. I [XVI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică Chișinău, 2007
Marek Żyromski
The army as an important factor of social mobility in Roman Empire
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. II [XVII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Jerzy Hatłas
The tracian tumulus at Opalchenetz – 80 years later (Some remarks on the question of rich female tombs in ancient Thrace)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. II [XVII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
This year we commemorate 350 years since the birth and 300 years since the death of Dimitrie Cantemir (October 26, 1673 - August 21, 1723), the most famous Romanian humanist thinker and also the author of the first original Romanian philosophical works.Dimitrie Cantemir represents one of the highest peaks of thought of his time, in all areas that his genius touched - in historiography, geography, philosophy, he opened up new perspectives for development...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.