The exposed object, an "askos" type ceramic vessel, comes from the tumulus necropolis near the village of Ciumai, Taraclia district. The vessel was discovered in 2015 in a cenotaph tomb attributed to the Jamnaja culture, dated to the early Bronze Age (ca. 3300-2600 BC).
The vessel, with an obviously asymmetrical configuration, is hand-moulded from quality clay paste, having a smooth brown surface with gray spots. The body of the vessel is provided with a pronounced protrusion and a truncated neck with a wider opening towards the mouth. The vessel has a stem and is ornamented with three pairs of symmetrically placed relief appliqués. The height of the bowl is 15.5 cm, the diameter of the mouth is 11.4 cm, the diameter of the body is 15 cm and the diameter of the base is 7.5 cm. Such vessels in the archaeological literature are known as "askos" vessels, the respective term being of ancient Greek origin, denoting one of the primitive containers of the period - the bellows made of animal skin.
In prehistoric times, among some peoples, the bellows was transposed into ceramics, in these cases the basic features of the archaic leather vessel were preserved, acquiring a prominent convex shape with a stem and a flat bottom. From the original appearance of the bellows, the asymmetric mouth corresponding to the animal's neck has been preserved, and sometimes three or four legs, corresponding to the appendages of the flayed skin from the animal's legs. These vessels have lost their original zoomorphic character, entering as a new form in the inventory of Neo-Eneolithic ceramics. The first vessels of this type are attested in Greece, in the early Neolithic (ca. 5000-4500 BC) having the shape of cups or cups. In the Neo-Eneolithic Carpatho-Balkan cultures, the type of Aegean askos of short or tall form, with or without legs and with a handle, is found. Less often, they are provided with two mouths (one for filling and one for emptying) or they are off-center and provided with strangely shaped mouths. In the space between the Carpathians and the Dnieper, only tall forms of simple askos, without zoomorphic elements, are known. Askos-type vessels are present in various prehistoric cultures, especially in Southeast Europe and Anatolia.
Being often discovered in association with cult inventory, askos vessels could be an important indicator of use in religious ritual practices. Along with the zoomorphic, anthropomorphic and rhyton-type vessels (roughly conical container from which, in some ceremonies, liquids were drunk or poured), the askos were included in the category of vessels intended for worship, being related to libations (ritual act that consisted of tasting and then pouring a cup of wine, milk, etc. as homage to the deity).
Concert posters from the National Museum of History of Moldova
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VIII [XXIII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
This paper is the result of research of the collection of concert posters from the NMHM collections. It was found that the posters refer to the period of time from 1900 to 2010 and represent a brief chronicle of the musical life of Moldova east of the Prut River. Chronologically and by the method of production, form and content they can be classified into four categories: 1) concert posters of the times of Imperial Russia, 2) concert posters of the times of Romanian government, 3) concert posters of the Soviet period, and 4) concert posters of the Republic Moldova. The posters of the first two categories contain much text, partly black and white images, are of small size (A4 sheet), printed on paper of poor quality, mainly newsprint. Posters of the Soviet period are of two types: posters with lots of text without images and color posters, of various sizes. Concert posters of the Republic of Moldova have diverse formats and images, but provide little information. It was also found that the concert posters of the times of Tsarist Russia and the Romanian government are very few, and posters of singers and musical groups, as well as folk singers and orchestras of 1960s are completely missing.
List of illustrations:
1. Poster. Concert by baritone V. Annenkov in the Chișinău Nobility Assembly Hall, 1900. 2. Poster. Concert by A. Vertinsky in the Chișinău Diocesan Hall, 1931. 3. Poster. Concert by M. Zlatova’s students in the Chișinău Municipal Conservatory, 1930s. 4. Poster. Charity concert by soprano A. Dicescu in the Romanian Athenaeum, Bucharest, 1930s. 5. Poster. Concert in memory of Tchaikovsky in the Hall of Chișinău Conservatory “Unirea”, 1933. 6. Poster. Symphony Orchestra under the direction of B. Milyutin, Tiraspol, 1936. 7. Poster. State Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra, soloist L. Babici, Chișinău, 1941. 8. Poster. Concert dedicated to the 25th anniversary of the MSSR, Chișinău, 1949. 9. Poster. International music festival “Marțișor”, Chișinău, 1978. Author V. Shishkov. 10. Poster. Greek Bouzouki band, Chișinău, 1984. Authors V. Borisov and M. Afanasyev. 11. Poster. Hungarian singer Rezsö Soltesz, Chișinău, 1980s. 12. Tour poster. Folk music orchestra “Lăutarii”, 1988. 13. Poster. Folksinger N. Glib, Chișinău, 1990. Authors S. Solonari, V. Sinitsky. 14. Poster. Folk music orchestra “Mugurel”, conductor I. Dascăl, 1990s. Author S. Solonari, photo M. Potârniche. 15. Poster. National Academic Folk Dance Ensemble “Joc”, artistic director and chief choreographer V. Curbet. 1990s. 16. Poster. Group “Trigon”, 1990s. Author S. Plămădeală. 17. Poster. Group “Noroc”, artistic director M. Dolgan, 1990s. 18. Poster. The “Silver Chrysanthemum” Competition, Chișinău, 2004.
Vera Stăvilă
The “Luceafărul” Republican Theatre for Children and Youth: Pages of History
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. V [XX], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Vera Stăvilă
Playbills from the collection of the National Museum of Archaeology and History of Moldova
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VI [XXI], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Vera Stăvilă
The National Theater „Vasile Alecsandri” from Bălți: historical retrospective
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IV [XIX], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Vera Stăvilă
Collection of anti-religious drawings and lithographs from the National Museum of History of Moldova
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IX [XXIV], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie Chișinău, 2015
Vera Stăvilă
Contribution to the study of the activity of the Chișinău orphanage “Children’s home”
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. I [XVI], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie Chișinău, 2007
The exposed object, an "askos" type ceramic vessel, comes from the tumulus necropolis near the village of Ciumai, Taraclia district. The vessel was discovered in 2015 in a cenotaph tomb attributed to the Jamnaja culture, dated to the early Bronze Age (ca. 3300-2600 BC)...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.