The main parts of the camera include the body, bellows, lens, and viewfinder system. The body consists of two lacquered walnut wood frames, joined by a folding black textile bellows that allows the necessary extension for focusing. On the front panel is the Agfa anastigmat lens, mounted in a Compur-type shutter produced by F. Deckel in Munich. It features a foldable "brilliant" viewfinder for both portrait and landscape orientation. It uses glass photographic plates coated with a photographic emulsion, mounted in walnut wood holders, with a frame size of 9x12 cm. The walnut wood model, considered the flagship "Agfa Isolar Luxus," was designed by the A.H. Rietzschel factory in Munich, acquired by AGFA in 1925, which continued producing this type of camera under its own name until the late 1920s. The piece was restored by Mihail Culașco, Restoration Department of NMHM. Brief History of the Camera The history of the camera spans 200 years, evolving from the camera obscura to today's digital devices. Key milestones include: the first permanent photograph in 1826 by French physicist Joseph Nicéphore Niépce, using a wooden box and a plate coated with bitumen of Judea; the invention of the first photographic process - daguerreotype - in 1839 by Frenchman Louis Daguerre, marking the official birth of photography; the invention of calotype, based on the negative/positive principle, by British physicist and chemist Fox Talbot; the invention of wet collodion plates by Englishman Frederick Scott Archer and dry glass plates by Richard Leach Maddox and John Huds Bennet; the introduction of flexible roll film and the launch of the first Kodak camera by American inventor George Eastman; the release of the first 35 mm film camera by German company "Leica"; the launch of the first instant camera "Polaroid," invented by American Edwin Land. Finally, starting in 1975, this path led to the digital photography revolution. Each successive step made cameras smaller and faster, significantly improving image quality. The first photographic studio in Chișinău was opened in 1854 by Eduard Glewski, and before World War I, there were already about 100 photography studios in Bessarabia. The collection of the National Museum of History of Moldova includes over 30 cameras, made in Austria, Germany, France, USSR, Japan, and China, dating from the late 19th century to the 2000s. Among them are folding bellows cameras, BOX-type cameras, single-lens reflex (SLR) and twin-lens reflex (TLR) cameras, as well as digital (DSLR) cameras.
New cartographic materials on the ancient ramparts of Budzhak
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VII [XXII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
The article presents new materials on the cartography of the ancient defensive valla of Southern Bessarabia, or Budzhak. In the scientific use there is introduced the previously unknown topographical map of 1864, which marked the coastal part of the Lower Dniester (Serpent's) Wall, as well as other data that clarify the topography of these sites.
List of illustrations:
Fig. 1. Land plots of the Şaba and Şabalat villages on the map of Bessarabia of 1828.
Fig. 2. Fragment of A.P. Chirkov's „Special Map", 1864.
Fig. 3. Part of the Lower Dniester (Serpent's) Wall on A.P. Chirkov's „Special Map", 1864.
Fig. 4. Land plots of the Talmaza and Cioburciu villages on the map of Bessarabia of 1828.
Fig. 5. Land plot of Akkerman on the map of Bessarabia of 1828.
Fig. 6. Land plot of the Nekrasovka vilage on the map of Bessarabia of 1828.
Fig. 7. Area of the Monastyrsky Cape on the map of the Danube Delta of the European Danube Commission, 1887.
Fig. 8. Area of the Monastyrsky Cape on the German map of 1941.
Fig 9. Tashbunar village and a part of the Lower Trajan's Wall on the German map of 1941.
Fig. 10. Fortification near the Novosel'skoye village on the map of the Danube Delta, 1860s.
Fig. 11. Fortification near the Novosel'skoye village on "The map of the Balkan Peninsula covering the entire theatre of war of 1877-1878".
Игорь Сапожников, Майя Кашуба
(“Royal Tomb” of the necropolis of Tyras, discovered in 1895: documental evidence of the Imperial Archaeological Commission Archives and cartography data
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XVI [XXXI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică, Chişinău, 2022
Игорь Сапожников
Isaccea and ferry across the Danube in the 1770s - 1870s according to cartography and iconography
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XIV [XXIX], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Игорь Сапожников
Андрій Красножон, Фортеці та міста Північно-Західного Причорномор’я (ХV-XVIII ст.). Одеса: Чорномор’я, 2018, 312 c. ISBN: 978-966-555-313-7
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XIII [XXVIII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Игорь Сапожников
Manuscript found in St. Petersburg: I. Botyanov’s 1850 paper and the prehistory of Nikolaev
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XIX [XXXIV], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie, Chişinău, 2025
Игорь Сапожников
The Ottoman Tatarbunary Fortress of the 17th-18th centuries: historical and topographical outline
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XIII [XXVIII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
The main parts of the camera include the body, bellows, lens, and viewfinder system. The body consists of two lacquered walnut wood frames, joined by a folding black textile bellows that allows the necessary extension for focusing...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
