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#Exhibit of the Month

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Bronze cauldrons of the Scythian time are rare in the Northern Black Sea region, especially on its western borders. Therefore, those few items found on the territory of the Republic of Moldova occupy a worthy place in the collection of the National Museum of History of Moldova (NMHM). In particular, in the archaeological exhibition, two bronze cauldrons are displayed, discovered near the village of Nicolscoe in 1988 in burial mounds no. 14 and 15. In addition, in 2020, two bronze cauldrons without any accompanying documents were found in the collection of NMHM; however, they were visually identified as coming from various excavations in the Low Dniester region, such as burial mound no. 45 near Dubăsari and burial mound no. 1 near the Răscăieții Noi village.

The object presented as the exhibit of the month is a little-known find discovered in 1979 in barrow 1 near the village of Răscăieții Noi in the Ștefan Vodă district. In addition to its outstanding size (about 10 m high), this mound is known for discovering a cast bronze finial in the Scythian animal style on its surface in 1953. However, by the beginning of excavations, the locals had damaged part of the mound and a Scythian cast bronze cauldron was found near it. The cauldron was seriously damaged by mechanical impact, as a result of which the rim was deformed, and the walls, with one preserved vertical handle, were bent inwards. Fragments in the upper part of the body and one handle have been lost. The total reconstructed height of the cauldron is 24 cm (excluding the handles), the reconstructed diameter of the hemispherical cauldron is 30 cm, and the weight is 6.5 kg. In 2020, data on the chemical composition of the bronze cauldron alloy were obtained, revealing that it was cast from an alloy of almost 95 per cent copper. Unfortunately, due to the loss of information on the context of the discovery of the cauldron at Răscăieții Noi, it is impossible to link its discovery with one or another Scythian burial of the barrow. Moreover, the grave goods of other Scythian burials of Barrow 1 do not allow them to date below the 4th century BC. However, the cauldron with vertical handles from Răscăieții Noi most likely belongs earlier. This may be indicated by a bronze finial from the first half of the 5th century BC, which was found on this barrow in 1953. In addition, burial 7 from the nearest excavated barrow 2 at Răscăieții Noi, containing a plaque depicting a rolled predator (a copy of which is also on display at the NMHM), belongs to the mid- 5th century BC. Thus, there is a high probability that the cauldron from Barrow 1 at Răscăieții Noi is associated with the late Middle Scythian period or the mid-5th century BC.

Scythian bronze cauldrons in the west area are concentrated in three main regions: Bukovina-Podolia, the Lower Danube, and the Lower Dniester. Some Scythian cauldrons have no reliable archaeological context. Nevertheless, in combination with the same "stray" finds like the Scythian statues, the finds of Scythian cauldrons mark the Scythian presence, most likely not earlier than the late 6th century or even the turn of the 6th-5th centuries BC. The cauldrons first appeared in Bukovina, where they have been known since the middle of the 7th century BC. Bronze cauldrons (with their carriers) entered the steppe region 150-200 years later, and the "military" burials that appeared in the western steppe regions were no earlier than the middle of the 5th century BC. Most burials with cauldrons (and, apparently, the stray finds) are dated back to the second half of the 5th century BC. Then, in the early 4th century BC, their quantity was reduced, and after the first quarter of the 4th century BC, they completely disappeared from the cultural practice of the population of the steppes of the North-Western Black Sea region.

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Publications Journal „Tyragetia"   vol. X [XXV], nr. 1


Nouvelles découvertes défensive dans l'ouest du promontoire Butuceni, Orhei (Recherche archéologique en 2015)
ISSN 1857-0240
E-ISSN 2537-6330

Nouvelles découvertes défensive dans l'ouest du promontoire Butuceni, Orhei (Recherche archéologique en 2015)

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. X [XXV], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică

Mots-clés: système défensif, fortifications, fossé, vallum, palissade, berme.

Résumé: Les recherches archéologiques menées dans l'été de 2015, à l'Ouest du promontoire Butuceni Orhei, est une suite logique des études qui ont été réalisées en 2013-2014. La complexité des résultats précédents ont soulevé plusieurs questions, et dans la recherche de solutions, les priorités ont été i déterminés par la nécessité de l'évaluation de la configuration du système de défense dans le point extrême ouest du promontoire, ainsi que l'appréciation des éléments composants ce système. Il était nécessaire de corréler les segments défensifs trouvés avec des traces d'une parcelle relativement bien préservées de la fortification, représentée comme les fossés et vallum disposés dans la partie supérieure du promontoire. Avant l'étude en 2013, on a cru que l'accès au côté ouest du promontoire a été bloqué par un système de protection rectiligne, qui commence exactement à ce point, en sui- vant le chemin vers l'ouest, dans la direction du canal rivière Raut. Nos observations nous ont amenés à croire que la ligne défensive, que nous avons identifiée et explorée dans les années précédentes, aurait un trajet différent de celui qui a été considéré comme traditionnel. Pour tester cette hypothèse, ont été organisées en 2015 des fouilles, à la suite desquelles est détecté un nouveau segment défensif. Il convient de noter, cependant, que les structures observées ont aucun rapport avec les précédemment étudiés et ne contribuent pas à la confirmation de l'hypothèse. Dans le même temps, il n'y a pas suffisamment de preuves pour le rejeter catégoriquement, laissant ainsi la place pour d'autres recherches plus approfondies.

Liste des figures:
Fig. 1. Promontoire Butuceni. Vue d'ensemble du nord-ouest avec les points de marquage qui ont été identifiés traces de fortification. La ligne pointillée-interrompu: la trajectoire établie de la ligne défensive; la ligne in- terrompu: la trajectoire hypothétique du système de défense.
Fig. 2. Butuceni. Section nr. 1. 1 - Vue d'ensemble du nord; 2 - vue du sud sur les fossés; 3 - vue du nord sur les fossés; 4 - vue du nord sur les fossés au moment de l'identification; 5 - vue du sud sur les fossés au moment de l'identification.
Fig. 3 Butuceni. 1 - Vue du sud sur la section nr. 1 dans l'espace des constructions en pierre; 2 - profil de l'Est dans l'espace des constructions en pierre; 3 - profil de l'Ouest dans l'espace des constructions en pierre; 4 - délimita- tion de l'agglomération des pierres dans la construction lithique; 5 - traces des pieux de la construction en bois: vue de l'Ouest; 5 - traces des pieux de la construction en bois: vue du Nord.
Fig. 4. Butuceni. Section nr. V. Vue du nord sur les traces de la construction défensive: 1 - au moment de l'identification de l'agglomération des pierres; 2 - après la évacuation de remplissage.
Fig. 5. Butuceni. Ortofotoplan de la zone de l'Ouest du promontoire avec la délimitation hypothétique de la trajec- toire de la fortification.
Fig. 6. Butuceni. 1-3 - L'agglomération des pierres sur le secteur de l'Ouest de promontoire.
Fig. 7. Butuceni. L'agglomération des pierres sur le secteur de Sud-Ouest de promontoire.
Fig. 8. Butuceni. Vue du nord sur l'espace qui a été établi pour la section no. VI.
Fig. 9. Butuceni 2015. Section no. VI. 1 - Profil de l'est; 2 - plan, les couches 4-6; 3 - plan, les couches 1-3; 4 - profil de l'Ouest.
Fig. 10. Butuceni 2015. 1 - Profil de l'Ouest dans l'espace de la section no. VI; 2, 3, 4 - vue sur la part inférieure du fossé (angles et étapes différentes de recherche).
Fig. 11. Butuceni 2015. 1 - Vue du nord sur la section no. V au moment de l'identification de l'agglomération des pierres; 2 - vue du nord sur la section no. V au moment de l'identification de l'agglomération des pierres.
Fig. 12. Butuceni 2015. Traces de fosses de l'alignement du sud traversant la couche de gravier (vue en plan et profil).
Fig. 13. Butuceni 2015. Traces de fosses de l'alignement no 1.
Fig. 14. Butuceni 2015. Traces de fosses de l'alignement.
Fig. 15. Butuceni 2015. Traces de fosses de l'alignement no 3.
Fig. 16. Butuceni 2015. Traces de fosses de l'alignement no 2.
Fig. 17. Butuceni 2015. Fosse de période getique sectionnée par le fossé de la fortification.

Jerzy Hatłas, Octavian Munteanu
Domed tombs of Thrace - 160 years of research
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. V [XX], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Octavian Munteanu, Vasile Iarmulschi, Veronica Perju, Livia Ermurachi
The first building-phase of the fortification at Horodca Mică
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IV [XIX], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Octavian Munteanu, Vasile Iarmulschi
Pilot excavations at Horodca Mică fortification
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. I [XVI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică Chișinău, 2007
Ion Tentiuc, Octavian Munteanu
The connections of the East Carpathian region with the world of the Vikings: new find of the chape of the scabbard of an early medieval sword in the territory of Moldova
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XVI [XXXI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică, Chişinău, 2022
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Élements defensifs dans la fortification gete du Horodca Mare, districte Hâncești
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IX [XXIV], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică Chișinău, 2015



 

 

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#Exhibit of the Month

Bronze cauldrons of the Scythian time are rare in the Northern Black Sea region, especially on its western borders. Therefore, those few items found on the territory of the Republic of Moldova occupy a worthy place in the collection of the National Museum of History of Moldova (NMHM)...

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The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2024 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC

 



The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2024 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC

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The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2024 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC