Manufactured in 1902 by AG vorm Siedel & Nauman in Dresden, Germany.
Dimensions: Length - 38 cm, Width - 35 cm, Height - 20 cm. Weight - 16 kg. It entered the museum collection in 1984, transferred from the National Museum of Ethnography and Natural History.
The typewriter features a standard carriage mounted on ball bearings and rollers, along with a keyboard equipped with 42 keys. These contain two complete sets of Latin and Cyrillic alphabets, punctuation marks, numbers, and mathematical symbols, enabling the typing of 126 characters. Beneath the metal casing, the type bars are arranged in a fan-like pattern, holding embossed characters and ink ribbon rollers. When the keys are pressed, the type bars strike the inked ribbon, imprinting characters onto the paper tensioned in the machine's roller system. The side panels are elegantly decorated with refined cast-iron elements in the Art Nouveau style, displaying the brand name - "Ideal." The Polyglott model, featuring a bilingual keyboard patented in the United Kingdom by Max Klaczko from Riga, Latvia, was produced between 1902 and 1913, marking the first typewriter capable of writing in two languages. The "Ideal Polyglott" typewriter was actively sold in the Russian Empire and gained significant popularity in Poland, Bulgaria, and Serbia. The typewriter - a mechanical device used for printing text directly onto paper - ranks among the most important inventions of the modern era, as it revolutionized communication. From the late 19th century to the early 21st century, it became an indispensable tool, widely used by writers, in offices, for business correspondence, and in private homes. The peak of typewriter sales occurred in the 1950s when the average annual sales in the United States reached 12 million units. In November 2012, the British Brother factory produced what it claimed to be the last typewriter, which was donated to the Science Museum in London. The advent of computers, word processing software, printers, and the decreasing cost of these technologies led to the typewriter's disappearance from the mainstream market, turning it into a museum exhibit. June 23 marks Typewriter Day, commemorating the date when American journalist and inventor Christopher Latham Sholes patented his typewriter. This day celebrates the simple yet revolutionary device that has become history, as well as the remarkable literary achievements it has enabled since 1868.
Soviet propaganda posters of the Second World War in collections of the National Museum of History of Moldova
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. X [XXV], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Keywords: collection, heritage, poster, propaganda, war. Abstract: This article is the result of studying the collection of Soviet propaganda posters of the Second World War from NMHM. During the research it was found that they are very different in content, format and design. Typologically they can be divided into two categories: posters made by using a stencil technique and printed posters. The number of stencil posters in the museum's collection is small - 50 objects; their theme is dedicated to the events of 1945 - the last year of the war. Most of the collection consists of printed posters. There are originals and copies multiplied during the war and after its end by tens of thousands of exemplars. It was found that the informative message of the posters varied depending on the situation at the front and in the rear. In wartime, the sole purpose of the posters was a justification for the war and denigrating the enemy. Their role has resulted in the mobilization of society against the enemy. At the same time the posters were a form of manipulation of citizens by the Soviet authorities; they concealed crimes and ugly phenomena that accompanied the Soviet policy throughout its existence.
List of illustrations: 1. Poster "From the speech of Comrade I.V. Stalin", 1941. 2. Poster "Mercilessly crush and destroy the enemy" by the Kukryniksy (Mikhail Kupriyanov, Porfiry Krylov and Nikolai Sokolov), 1941. 3. Poster "The Motherland Calls!" by I. Toidze, 1941. 4. Poster "Death to fascism!" by V. Vlasov, N. Pevzin, and T. Shishmareva, 1941. 5. Poster "Across the country, from end to end, girls-comrades-in-arms at their posts stand" by A. Deineka, 1942. 6. Poster "Comrades! Donate warm clothes for the Red Army!" by N. Baskakov, 1942. 7. Poster "Let's produce and give warm clothes to the front! Let's help the Red Army to destroy the German invaders!" by V.Biryukov, 1942. 8. Poster "Let's help the front by the participation in the second money and clothing lottery!", 1942. 9. Poster "The history of many German divisions" by Pankratov, 1944. 10. Poster "Revenge for them!" by N. Batolina, 1944. 11. Poster "Demolish the hydra" by P. Sargsyan, 1945. 12. Poster "So it will be with the fascist beast" by A. Kokorekin, 1945. 13. Poster "Inglorious end to the fascist aggressors" by V. Deni (Denisov), 1945. 14. Poster "Victory Day!" by B. Muhin, 1945.
Vera Stăvilă
The “Luceafărul” Republican Theatre for Children and Youth: Pages of History
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. V [XX], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Vera Stăvilă
Movie posters from the collection of the National Museum of History of Moldova
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VII [XXII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Vera Stăvilă
A forgotten painter – Nicolae A. Coleadici (1906-1937)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. III [XVIII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Vera Stăvilă
The history of the Bessarabian Belle Arte School and Society
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. II [XVII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Vera Stăvilă
Concert posters from the National Museum of History of Moldova
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VIII [XXIII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Manufactured in 1902 by AG vorm Siedel & Nauman in Dresden, Germany. Dimensions: Length - 38 cm, Width - 35 cm, Height - 20 cm. Weight - 16 kg. It entered the museum collection in 1984, transferred from the National Museum of Ethnography and Natural History...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.