#Exhibit of the Month

This remarkable portrait of Mihai Eminescu, created by artist Alexandru Gușanov, is based on one of the four known photographs of the poet. The photograph that inspired this portrait was taken in 1869 in Wenceslas Square, Prague, when Eminescu was only 19 years old. The oval composition and harmonious color palette highlight the prominent personality and charisma of the young poet, capturing an expression that conveys both melancholy and intellectual depth.
Alexandru Gușanov (1929-2005), a Moldovan painter of Ukrainian origin, distinguished himself through his extensive work, comprising approximately 5,000 pieces - portraits, landscapes, and still life paintings. Settled in Moldova since 1945, Gușanov graduated from the Republican Art School "I.E. Repin" in Chișinău in 1952. His works were showcased in numerous national and international exhibitions and were highly appreciated in countries such as France, Hungary, Russia, and Yugoslavia. The artist dedicated a significant part of his career to creating portraits of historical and cultural figures, including Dimitrie Cantemir, Mihail Kogălniceanu, and Alexei Mateevici, which are part of the National Museum of History of Moldova's collection.

The subject of the portrait, Mihai Eminescu (1850-1889), is the most significant poet in Romanian literature, whose works reflect profound thought, sensitivity toward nature, and national identity. At the age of 19, when the photograph that inspired this portrait was taken, Eminescu was in the midst of his intellectual formation, preparing to become the iconic voice of Romanian culture. Among his most famous works is the poem Luceafărul (The Morning Star), a masterpiece of universal literature.

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Publications

Journal „Tyragetia"

vol. IX [XXIV], nr. 2

Bessarabian daily newspapers as a means of advertising. From the collection of periodicals of NMHM (end of 19th - early 20th centuries)

ISSN 1857-0240
E-ISSN 2537-6330

Vera Serjant

Bessarabian daily newspapers as a means of advertising. From the collection of periodicals of NMHM (end of 19th - early 20th centuries)

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IX [XXIV], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie Chișinău, 2015

Abstract

Newspapers began to be used as a means of advertising since the end of the 19th century and remained the primary means of advertising until the advent of television. Due to short period of time between the submitting advertising material for publication and its appearance in the newspaper, advertising in daily newspapers was very eﬀective for transmitting the latest information to the consumer. Daily newspapers usually came out in large cities and capitals.

The ﬁrst daily newspaper in Bessarabia was Bessarabsky Vestnik ("Bessarabian Messenger") published in 1889 in ChiТinău by E. Sokolova. Other major daily newspapers published for a long time in ChiТinău were Bessarabets ("Bessarabian"), Bessarabskaya zhizn ("Bessarabian Life"), Drug ("Friend"), Golos Kishinyova ("Voice of Chișinău"), and some others. During 1912-1914, the daily newspapers appear in Bălți, Bender, Soroca, Tiraspol, and Akkerman.

The museum's collection of periodicals contains a small amount of daily newspapers published in Bessarabia at the end of 19th - early 20th centuries. The museum has only one issue of the newspaper Bessarabsky Vestnik (no. 1177 of November 2, 1894), two issues of the newspaper Bessarabets (no. 248 of December 19, 1897 and no. 135 of December 1, 1905), an issue of the newspaper Drug (no. 143 of June 6, 1909), 33 issues of the newspaper Bessarabskaya zhizn for 1916-1917, and 12 issues of the newspaper Znamya ("Banner") for 1911-1912. Znamya, published by M. Radchenko and V. Yakubovich in ChiТinău during 1911-1914, is actually a continuation of the newspaper Drug, which changed the name because of the persecution of the tsarist censorship. The collection also contains 8 issues of the newspaper Bessarabsky Yuzhnyi Kray ("Bessarabian Southern Region") published in Bender by D. Natenzon during 1914-1917.

The review of this collection makes a signiﬁcant contribution to the study of the history of advertising in Bessarabia under the tsarist autocracy.

List of illustrations:
1. Newspaper Drug no. 143 of June 6, 1909, p. 1.
2. Newspaper Drug no. 143 of June 6, 1909, p. 4.
3. Newspaper Bessarabets no. 248 of December 19, 1897, p. 1.
4. Newspaper Bessarabets no. 248 of December 19, 1897, p. 4.
5. Newspaper Bessarabsky Yuzhnyi Kray no. 1552 of August 10, 1917, p. 1.
6. Newspaper Bessarabsky Yuzhnyi Kray no. 1552 of August 10, 1917, p. 4.
7. Newspaper Bessarabsky Vestnik no. 1177 of November 2, 1894, p. 1.
8. Newspaper Bessarabsky Vestnik no. 1177 of November 2, 1894, p. 4.
9. Newspaper Bessarabskaya zhizn no. 208 of August 17, 1916, p. 1.
10. Newspaper Bessarabskaya zhizn no. 208 of August 17, 1916, p.4.
11. Newspaper Bessarabskaya zhizn no. 206 of August 15, 1916, p.1.
12. Newspaper Bessarabskaya zhizn no. 206 of August 15, 1916, p. 4.
13. Front page of the newspaper Znamya no. 271 of November 28, 1912.