Manufactured in 1902 by AG vorm Siedel & Nauman in Dresden, Germany.
Dimensions: Length - 38 cm, Width - 35 cm, Height - 20 cm. Weight - 16 kg. It entered the museum collection in 1984, transferred from the National Museum of Ethnography and Natural History.
The typewriter features a standard carriage mounted on ball bearings and rollers, along with a keyboard equipped with 42 keys. These contain two complete sets of Latin and Cyrillic alphabets, punctuation marks, numbers, and mathematical symbols, enabling the typing of 126 characters. Beneath the metal casing, the type bars are arranged in a fan-like pattern, holding embossed characters and ink ribbon rollers. When the keys are pressed, the type bars strike the inked ribbon, imprinting characters onto the paper tensioned in the machine's roller system. The side panels are elegantly decorated with refined cast-iron elements in the Art Nouveau style, displaying the brand name - "Ideal." The Polyglott model, featuring a bilingual keyboard patented in the United Kingdom by Max Klaczko from Riga, Latvia, was produced between 1902 and 1913, marking the first typewriter capable of writing in two languages. The "Ideal Polyglott" typewriter was actively sold in the Russian Empire and gained significant popularity in Poland, Bulgaria, and Serbia. The typewriter - a mechanical device used for printing text directly onto paper - ranks among the most important inventions of the modern era, as it revolutionized communication. From the late 19th century to the early 21st century, it became an indispensable tool, widely used by writers, in offices, for business correspondence, and in private homes. The peak of typewriter sales occurred in the 1950s when the average annual sales in the United States reached 12 million units. In November 2012, the British Brother factory produced what it claimed to be the last typewriter, which was donated to the Science Museum in London. The advent of computers, word processing software, printers, and the decreasing cost of these technologies led to the typewriter's disappearance from the mainstream market, turning it into a museum exhibit. June 23 marks Typewriter Day, commemorating the date when American journalist and inventor Christopher Latham Sholes patented his typewriter. This day celebrates the simple yet revolutionary device that has become history, as well as the remarkable literary achievements it has enabled since 1868.
Des législations sur la consolidation des nécropoles et la construction des églises dans les cimetières dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VII [XXII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Dans cet article l'auteur discute sur les lois en vigueur dans la région Nistru-Prut sur l'arrangement des cimetières et l'édifice des églises dans les nécropoles. Les sources archivistiques et les représentations des églises nous permettent de déterminer tous les instructions qu'ont influencées sur l'arrangement des nécropoles et la construction des basiliques. La règle acceptée du pouvoir impérial installé les fondements de transformation des traditions régionales sur la construction des basiliques dans les cimetières.
Liste des figures:
Fig. 1. Le positionnement du cimetière et l'église du village Seliște, district Călărași. Collection privée.
Fig. 2. Le positionnement du cimetière et l'église du village Gordinești, district Rezina. Collection privée.
Fig. 3. Fragment d'un plan topographique du village Pupăzeni, actuellement village Nucăreni, district Telenești. 1809 années. Le positionnement du cimetière et l'église à la périphérie du village. La collection de Musée eth- nographique de Chișinău.
Fig. 4. Fragment d'un plan topographique du village Copanca, district Căușeni, et le positionnement du cimetière et l'église à la périphérie du village. La collection de Musée ethnographique de Chișinău.
Fig. 5. L églises du village Volcineț, district Ocnița, et le cimetière.
Fig. 6. La porte du cimetière et l'église du village Stodolna, district Rezina. Photo M. Brihuneț.
Fig. 7. Aspect d'une ancienne église de Bessarabie. Photo 1877 années. ANRM.
Fig. 8. I. Charlemane, A. Mihailov, A. Mihailov, A. Uhtomski. Collection de plans, élévations et sections pour construire des églises en pierre, Saint-Pétersbourg, 1824.
Fig. 9. Les projets types du Collection de plans, 1824 années, Saint-Pétersbourg.
Fig. 10. Un plan typique de l'église, village Lipcani (1822).
Fig. 11. Le projet spécial de l'église du village Lipcani, élaboré en 1822 années.
Fig. 12. L'église village Lipcani, érigé en 1837 années. Photo М. Brihuneț.
Manole Brihuneț
Religious architecture and funerary complexes of the Dniester-Prut interfluve: the importance of historiographical essays of the tsarist and the interwar times
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VI [XXI], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Manufactured in 1902 by AG vorm Siedel & Nauman in Dresden, Germany. Dimensions: Length - 38 cm, Width - 35 cm, Height - 20 cm. Weight - 16 kg. It entered the museum collection in 1984, transferred from the National Museum of Ethnography and Natural History...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.