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#Exhibit of the Month

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Manufactured in 1902 by AG vorm Siedel & Nauman in Dresden, Germany.

Dimensions: Length - 38 cm, Width - 35 cm, Height - 20 cm. Weight - 16 kg. It entered the museum collection in 1984, transferred from the National Museum of Ethnography and Natural History.

The typewriter features a standard carriage mounted on ball bearings and rollers, along with a keyboard equipped with 42 keys. These contain two complete sets of Latin and Cyrillic alphabets, punctuation marks, numbers, and mathematical symbols, enabling the typing of 126 characters. Beneath the metal casing, the type bars are arranged in a fan-like pattern, holding embossed characters and ink ribbon rollers. When the keys are pressed, the type bars strike the inked ribbon, imprinting characters onto the paper tensioned in the machine's roller system.
The side panels are elegantly decorated with refined cast-iron elements in the Art Nouveau style, displaying the brand name - "Ideal." The Polyglott model, featuring a bilingual keyboard patented in the United Kingdom by Max Klaczko from Riga, Latvia, was produced between 1902 and 1913, marking the first typewriter capable of writing in two languages. The "Ideal Polyglott" typewriter was actively sold in the Russian Empire and gained significant popularity in Poland, Bulgaria, and Serbia.
The typewriter - a mechanical device used for printing text directly onto paper - ranks among the most important inventions of the modern era, as it revolutionized communication. From the late 19th century to the early 21st century, it became an indispensable tool, widely used by writers, in offices, for business correspondence, and in private homes. The peak of typewriter sales occurred in the 1950s when the average annual sales in the United States reached 12 million units. In November 2012, the British Brother factory produced what it claimed to be the last typewriter, which was donated to the Science Museum in London.
The advent of computers, word processing software, printers, and the decreasing cost of these technologies led to the typewriter's disappearance from the mainstream market, turning it into a museum exhibit.
June 23 marks Typewriter Day, commemorating the date when American journalist and inventor Christopher Latham Sholes patented his typewriter. This day celebrates the simple yet revolutionary device that has become history, as well as the remarkable literary achievements it has enabled since 1868.

Virtual Tour


Publications Journal „Tyragetia"   vol. VII [XXII], nr. 1


Einige Überlegungen bezüglich der Chronologie und Periodisierung der Poienești-Lucașeuca-Kultur
ISSN 1857-0240
E-ISSN 2537-6330

Einige Überlegungen bezüglich der Chronologie und Periodisierung der Poienești-Lucașeuca-Kultur

Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VII [XXII], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică



In diesem Beitrag wurden die Chronologie und Periodisierung der Poienești-Lucașeuca-Kultur analisiert. Vier Phasen der Entwicklung der Bestattungen aufgrund der Kombinationen der Gegenstände vom Grabinventar von isolierten Gräberfeldern / Gräber aufgebaut wurden. Trotzdem trifft man höchst selten in den Siedlungen des Poienești-Lucașeuca-Typs auf das chronologish erheblich Material, konnte ich die Chronologie für einigen Le- bensräume zu gründen. Ich habe vier chronologische Phasen abgeteilt durch eine Analyse der Chronologie der Bestattungen und Siedlungen des Poienești-Lucașeuca-Typs die in einer einheitlichen Tabelle vereignigt wurden. Man kann diese Etappen mit den Phasen LT C1b, LT C2, LT D1 und LT D2 der mitteleuropäischen keltichen Kultur synchronisieren oder mit den Etappen a, b, c und d der jüngeren vorrömischen Eisenzeit nach Hachmann, die in absoluten Daten entsprechen dem Ende 3en Jh. - letzten Viertel des 1es Jh. v. Chr.

Abbildungsliste:

Abb. 1. das Verbreitungsgebiet der Poienești-Lucașeuca-Kultur.

Abb. 2. Poienești. Typen der Grabbeigaben die für die Vergesellschaftung ausgewählt waren.

Abb. 3. Poienești. Die Vergesellschaftung der Gräber die Typen der Grabbeigaben enthälten.

Abb. 4. Poienești. Die Kartierung der Phasen des Gräberfelds.

Abb. 5. Borosești. Die Kartierung der Phasen des Gräberfelds.

Abb. 6. Borosești. Typen der Grabbeigaben die für die Vergesellschaftung ausgewählt waren.

Abb. 7. Borosești. Die Vergesellschaftung der Gräber die Typen der Grabbeigaben enthälten.

Abb. 8. Lucașeuca. Die Kartierung der Phasen des Gräberfelds.

Abb. 9. Dolineni. Die Kartierung der Phasen des Gräberfelds.

Abb. 10. Dolineni. Typen der Grabbeigaben die für die Vergesellschaftung ausgewählt waren.

Abb. 11. Dolineni. Die Vergesellschaftung der Gräber die Typen der Grabbeigaben enthälten.

Abb. 12. Typen der Grabbeigaben in Gräber/Gräberfelder vom Poienești-Lucașeuca-Typ.

Abb. 13. Die Vergesellschaftung der Gegenstände die in Gräber vom Typ Poienești-Lucașeuca chronologisch rele- vant sind.

Abb. 14. Die Periodisierung der Bestattungen.

Abb. 15. Die chronologische Rahmung der Datierungselemente von Gräber/ Gräberfeldern vom Typ Poienești- Lucașeuca.

Abb. 16. Die chronologische Rahmung der Datierungselemente von Bestattungen und Siedlungen vom Typ Poienești-Lucașeuca.

Abb. 17. Die vergleichende chronologische Tabelle der jüngeren vorrömischen Eisenzeit in Nord-und Mitteleuropa und in südöstliche Europa.

Vasile Iarmulschi
Michał Grygiel, Chronologia przemian kultorowych w dobie przełomu starzego i młodzego okresu przedrzymskiego na Niżu Polskim. Łódź: Fundacja Badań Archeologicznych Imienia Profesora Konrada Jażdżewskiego, 2018, 822 p., ISBN: 978-83-948140-2-1
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XV [XXX], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică, Chişinău, 2021
Octavian Munteanu, Vasile Iarmulschi, Nicolae Batog
Two Almgren 69 brooches discovered at Mîrzoaia, Republic of Moldova (reconfirming the presence of sedentary communities in the Prut-Dniester area at the beginning of the 1st millennium AD)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XVI [XXXI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică, Chişinău, 2022
Vasile Iarmulschi
J. Brandt, B. Rauchfuß (Herausgeber), Das Jastorf-Konzept und die vorrömische Eisenzeit im nördlichen Mitteleuropa. Beiträge der Internationalen Tagung zum einhundertjährigen der Veröffetlichung der „Ältesten Urnenfriedhöfe bei Uelzen und Lüneburg" d
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IX [XXIV], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Octavian Munteanu, Vasile Iarmulschi, Veronica Perju, Livia Ermurachi
The first building-phase of the fortification at Horodca Mică
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IV [XIX], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică
Vasile Iarmulschi
Die griechische Amphoren in der Poienești-Lucașeuca-Kultur
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VI [XXI], nr. 1, Arheologie. Istorie Antică



 

 

Independent Moldova
Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic
Bessarabia and MASSR between the Two World Wars
Bessarabia and Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the Period between the Two World Wars
Revival of National Movement
Time of Reforms and their Consequences
Abolition of Autonomy. Bessarabia – a New Tsarist Colony
Period of Relative Autonomy of Bessarabia within the Russian Empire
Phanariot Regime
Golden Age of the Romanian Culture
Struggle for Maintaining of Independence of Moldova
Formation of Independent Medieval State of Moldova
Era of the
Great Nomad Migrations
Early Middle Ages
Iron Age and Antiquity
Bronze Age
Aeneolithic Age
Neolithic Age
Palaeolithic Age
  
  

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#Exhibit of the Month

Manufactured in 1902 by AG vorm Siedel & Nauman in Dresden, Germany. Dimensions: Length - 38 cm, Width - 35 cm, Height - 20 cm. Weight - 16 kg. It entered the museum collection in 1984, transferred from the National Museum of Ethnography and Natural History...

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The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2025 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC

 



The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2025 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC

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The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
©2006-2025 National Museum of History of Moldova
Visit museum 31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Phones:
Secretariat: +373 (22) 24-43-25
Department of Public Relations and Museum Education: +373 (22) 24-04-26
Fax: +373 (22) 24-43-69
E-mail: office@nationalmuseum.md
Technical Support: info@nationalmuseum.md
Web site administration and maintenance: Andrei EMILCIUC