The great ruler Stephen the Great, outstanding army commander and diplomat, was also concerned during his life with the economic prosperity of the country, supporting the development of crafts, trade and fairs. During his reign, groși and half groși minted in the dinar system were issued, a monetary system introduced in Moldova during the last reign of Petru Aron (1455-1457).
The coins were minted from silver of superior title, those that reflect stability in the economic life of the country at that time. Their masterful execution at the Suceava mint is among the beautiful artistic achievements during the reign of Stephen the Great.
During his reign, two types of issues were minted, for the two denominations: groși and half groși.
Type I issues have a split shield on the obverse; in the first quarter appears a rose surmounted by a cross and three fascias, in the second quarter. For the epigraph issues (groși), the image is accompanied by the circular legend with the name of the issuer: + STEFANVS VOIEVODA. On the other side appears the bour's head with a star between the horns accompanied by the heraldic furniture - the rose and the contoured crescent, placed to the right and left of the bour's head; circular legend: MOLDAVIE COIN.
On type II coins in the shield on the obverse appears a patriarchal cross (double) and the legend STEFANVSVOIEVOD or abbreviated STEFANVSVOIE. On the reverse, as in type I, the bour's head with heraldic attributes is preserved: rose right/crescent left and crescent right/rose left. A star or rose appears between the ox's horns. The legend accompanying the face with the bour head is MONETAMOLDAVI or abbreviated MONETAMOLDA.
The dating of Stephen the Great's coins is still under discussion. According to one opinion, type I issues were minted between 1457-1476, and type II between 1480/1481-1505 (Octavian Iliescu), and another 1465/1467-1475/1476 for type I and 1476/1479-1497 for type II (Ernest Oberländer-Târnoveanu).
The coins in this showcase were discovered during the archaeological excavations at Orheiul Vechi (Trebujeni, Orhei district) in the 6th and 7th decades of the 20th century:
1. Type I money issues, groși, silver 2. Type II money issues, groși, silver 3. Type II coin issue, half groși, silver
Les symboles héraldiques de la commune de Lipnic, district d’Ocnița
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VII [XXII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
La commune de Lipnic, district (raion) d'Ocnița est formée de deux villages - Lipnic (première mention le 19 septembre 1436) et Paustova (première mention le 20 décembre 1437). Les deux villages n'ont pas porté de symboles héraldiques et vexillologiques historiques. Les armoiries et les drapeaux des deux villages, ainsi que ceux de la commune, ont été élaborés et approuvées en 2011-2012, à l'initiative du maire Valentina Lupulciuc. La commune de Lipnic est la deuxiemme commune de la République de Moldavie, qui a résolu le problème des symboles héraldiques en complex, créant trois paires d'enseignes en relation organique.
Outre la méthode traditionnelle des armes parlantes, la méthode d'assomption des armes historiques liées à un territoire a été de même utilisée. Ainsi, ont été reprises les armoiries des boyards moldaves de la fin du XIVe siècle
- la première moitié du XVe siècle: seigneur Vâlcea de Lipnic et seigneur Mihail de Dorohoi, le premier propriétaire connu des deux domaines. Leurs armes sont connus d'après leurs sceaux, apposeés sur des actes d'hommage des princes régnants de Moldavie au roi de Pologne, conservées aujourd'hui dans les archives polonaises.
Les nouveles enseignes ont été conçues par l'auteur et dessinées par le peintre Iurie Caminschi.
Liste d'illustrations:
Fig. 1-2. Les sceaux de seigneur Vâlcea de Lipnic: 1421 et 1434.
Fig. 3-4. Les sceaux de seigneur Mihail de Dorohoi: 1395 et 1421.
Fig. 5. L'aureus de l'empereur romain Vespasien (69-79 AD), l'avers et le revers.
Fig. 6. Le denier de l'empereur romain Antoninus Pius (138-161 AD), l'avers et le revers.
Fig. 7-8. Les armoiries et le drapeau du village de Lipnic, commune de Lipnic.
Fig. 9-10. Les armoiries et le drapeau du village de Paustova, commune de Lipnic.
Fig. 11-12. Les armoiries et le drapeau de la commune de Lipnic.
Silviu Andrieș-Tabac
Les armoiries et les drapeaux des villes Anenii Noi, Cimișlia, Fălești, Leova, Nisporeni
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VI [XXI], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Silviu Andrieș-Tabac
La tradition mythique dans l’historiographie roumaine sur l’origine des armoiries du Pays Moldave
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. III [XVIII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Silviu Andrieș-Tabac
Studii de muzeologie (I). Responsabil de ediție Elena Ploșnița, Chișinău: Bons Offices SRL, 2008, (Biblioteca „Tyragetia”, XVI), 196 p.
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. III [XVIII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Silviu Andrieș-Tabac
Territorial symbols registered in the General Armorial of the Republic of Moldova in 2022
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XVII [XXXII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Silviu Andrieș-Tabac
Emblems of justice in the contemporary Moldavian heraldry
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XI [XXVI], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
The great ruler Stephen the Great, outstanding army commander and diplomat, was also concerned during his life with the economic prosperity of the country, supporting the development of crafts, trade and fairs. During his reign, groși and half groși minted in the dinar system were issued, a monetary system introduced in Moldova during the last reign of Petru Aron (1455-1457)...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
