The grapevine plant, now widespread across the globe, traces its origins back to the Upper Cretaceous geological period, when species of Vitis Linn appeared on Earth (Mesozoic era), followed later by Vitis vinifera L., the latter already classified among cultivated agricultural plants. Most researchers link the origin of the cultivated grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) to the wild forest species Vitis sylvestris Gmel. Thickets of Vitis sylvestris Gmel. can still sporadically be found in the groves along the Prut and Dniester floodplains.
During the Precucuteni III - Trypillia A period (ca. 4750-4600 BC), the presence of cultivated grape seeds was clearly documented on pottery from the settlement of Ruseştii Noi I, layer I, kiln A, consisting of a seed impression on a ceramic fragment, with the elongated beak characteristic of the domesticated species Vitis vinifera L. Another seed impression of Vitis vinifera L. was recorded at the settlement of Vărvăreuca VIII, identified on the wall of a painted vessel from the Cucuteni B - Trypillia CI stage (3800-3500/3300 BC). In October, on the occasion of the National Wine Day, the National Museum of History of Moldova presents to your attention a unique relic in Southeastern Europe. The exhibit originates from the settlement Brînzeni VIII "Sâiece," belonging to the Cucuteni-Trypillia culture and dated to the Cucuteni AB2 - Trypillia B2 phase (ca. 4050-3800 BC), located in Brînzeni village, Edineț district. The site lies 2 km southwest of the locality, in a triangle formed by the confluence of the Racovăț and Drobiște streams and the local road L36 Bădragii Vechi-Brînzeni. Positioned on land 25-30 meters above the valley, it was discovered in 1966 by archaeologist Nicolaie Chetraru and investigated through excavations between 1978-1980 by Vsevolod Marchevici. The October exhibit is a grapevine leaf impression discovered in 1980. It comes from pit no. 5, partially investigated, with a maximum depth of 155 cm. From the same archaeological complex near dwelling no. 1, several grape seeds were also recovered, as noted in the excavation report. The grapevine leaf impression appears on a coarse clay lump, fired and vitrified due to secondary burning, reddish in color, with an irregular rectangular, flattened shape. The outer surface is uneven and rough. The impression surface is smoothed, with the leaf veins clearly highlighted. Measuring 99 mm in length, 110 mm in width, and 28-31 mm in thickness, the exhibit presents in full splendor an authentic grapevine leaf impression. Some researchers attribute it to the domesticated grapevine Vitis vinifera L., while others, more skeptical, consider it a wild species. Nevertheless, being discovered in a well-documented archaeological context, together with grape seeds near a dwelling, it provides evidence that grapevine was part of Cucuteni community life 6,000 years ago. These findings allow us to affirm that the process of domestication and the creation of table grapes was already underway. The diversity of Cucuteni ceramic forms, as well as the painting on some vessels, undoubtedly suggests their use as containers for various liquids. Accordingly, the emergence of wine among Cucuteni communities can be taken into consideration.
New research areas in the modern historical science of Moldova. Results and Prospects
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VIII [XXIII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
After the collapse of the USSR, with the independence of the former Soviet republics there established a period characterized by historians as a transition from a totalitarian to a democratic regime. In each of the republics the transition period was characterized according to its internal characteristics and consistent patterns and in dependence of national and historical peculiarities of development as well as external factors. However, we can note the similarities of post-Soviet syndrome. First, there is an upsurge of interest in national history and the nationalization of history in all CIS countries. Secondly, the science of history goes through a painful stage of revaluation of many facts and events, there has changed the political emphasis in historical studies. The problem of national revival became the main task of the historians. Third, fundamental importance in modern historical science has the factor of expansion of historical research.
Since the mid-1990s, on the border of millennia, there has emerged a series of papers (theses, articles, monographs, documents etc.) focused on the new, western trends in historical scholarship - historical anthropology, intellectual history, the history of the individual, gender history, etc. The younger generation of historians especially helped the development of the new areas. Natural interest of historians to these research entailed serious methodological consequences - an interdisciplinary approach, the search for synthesis through diversity, civilization, historical and cultural approach, etc. New social history has become explored through the prism of historical anthropologism. A human, his way of thinking and behavior, lifestyle, spirituality, mentality and everyday life became the subject of research, and anthropological method has proved itself in the heart of the problem of human history.
An important place in contemporary debates takes the problem of interpretation of historical facts and rewriting of history. However, in our view, the question of rewriting of history should be differentiated. On the assumption of academic, scientific positions, through the introducing new historical documents, new methodological approaches there occurs the rewriting of history. But a feature of the fundamental historical scholarship is that the historical facts should serve science, not politics. At the same time, the real political science is impossible without history. Politicized history becomes declarative and futile. There are many different estimates of a single event or process. Therein lies the strength and weakness of history, but we must remember that history is a science, not an appendage of politics and an instrument of politicians.
Лилия Заболотная
Dmitry Lazarevich Tumarkin: Labyrinths of Fate. Pages from the history of the outstanding medical dynasty of the Tumarkins
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XV [XXX], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Lilia Zabolotnaia
Regency, reign and power to feminine (centuries XIV-XVII)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. III [XVIII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Lilia Zabolotnaia
Helena Krasowska, Polacy w naddniestrzu. Świadectwo zanikającego dziedzictwa (Poles in Transnistria. A testimony to a disappearing heritage). Wydawnictwo: Studium Europy Wschodniej Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 2024, 350 str. ISBN 978-83-67208-22-2
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XVIII [XXXIII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Lilia Zabolotnaia
Some notes about Branković dynasty
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IV [XIX], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Lilia Zabolotnaia
Testament of Moldavian princess Maria (Lupu) Radziwill from 1659
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. XIII [XXVIII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
The grapevine plant, now widespread across the globe, traces its origins back to the Upper Cretaceous geological period, when species of Vitis Linn appeared on Earth (Mesozoic era), followed later by Vitis vinifera L., the latter already classified among cultivated agricultural plants. Most researchers link the origin of the cultivated grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) to the wild forest species Vitis sylvestris Gmel...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
