To mark the 150th anniversary of the birth of the great Romanian sculptor Constantin Brâncuși, 2026 was declared by the President of Romania the Year of Constantin Brâncuși. Constantin Brâncuși, one of the greatest sculptors of the twentieth century, was born in 1876 in Hobița, Gorj County, and passed away in 1957 in Paris; he was buried in the Père-Lachaise cemetery. In 1904 he arrived in Paris, where he attended courses at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts. There he also worked in the studio of Auguste Rodin (1840-1917), the founder of modern sculpture, and met Amadeo Modigliani (1884-1920), the Italian sculptor settled in France. Inspired by the work of these artists, he perfected his artistic training in Paris. His works are held in museums both at home and abroad, in the Netherlands, the Scandinavian countries, France, and the United States of America. For his outstanding merits he was awarded the Order of the Star of Romania in 1923; in 1931 Nicolae Iorga proposed him for the Order of Cultural Merit; and only in 1990 was he posthumously elected a member of the Romanian Academy. One of the artist's most famous creations is the sculpture Mademoiselle Pogany, considered a national symbol of modern Romanian art. Its protagonist was Margaret Pogany (1879-1964), a young Hungarian painter who came to Paris in 1909 to study painting techniques. Visiting her studio, she asked the sculptor to make her portrait, even leaving him a photograph and a self-portrait. In 1911 Brâncuși sculpted her likeness from memory in marble and in bronze, focusing on the deep, large, almond-shaped eyes, the subdued eyebrows, the narrow nose, the small mouth, the austere hairstyle and the modest gesture of the hands, rested against the face. Between 1912 and 1933 he produced nineteen versions of Mademoiselle Pogany. The commemorative medal "Constantin Brâncuși (1876-1976). Expoziție Filatelică Omagială - București 1976" was struck in Romania at the State Mint by the engraver Ștefan Grudinschi. Executed in bronze with a diameter of 60 mm and a weight of 113.73 g, the medal is remarkable for its memorial and artistic value. Obverse: the sculptor's bust facing left, with the semicircular legend "CONSTANTIN BRÂNCUȘI - 1876-1976." Reverse: a fragment of the triptych The Gate of the Kiss. Semicircular legend: "EXPOZIȚIA FILATELICĂ OMAGIALĂ - BUCUREȘTI 1976." The medal "Constantin Brâncuși. Mademoiselle Pogany. Craiova Art Museum. 1987" was also executed in bronze at the State Mint (Bucharest); it has a nominal diameter of 60 mm (because of the circular cutting the actual dimensions are D: 45 mm; weight: 53.55 g). The obverse shows, in the central field, an image of the Craiova Art Museum framed by the semicircular legend "MUZEUL DE ARTĂ - CRAIOVA / 1987." The reverse depicts a replica of the sculpture Mademoiselle Pogany made by Brâncuși's pupil O. Moșescu, accompanied by the inscription "CONSTANTIN BRÂNCUȘI - M-elle POGANY / 1913."
The establishment of special administration of city Ismail and its role in the evolution of commercial bourgeoisie (1830-1853)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IV [XIX], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
In the present article, based on unpublished archival documents and those published, it is shown that after the annexation of Bessarabia to Russia in order to confirm the strategic and commercial importance of the port Ismail in the Danube and Black Sea and employment of province through the Danube ports in European maritime trade, according to Senate decree of September 26th 1830, the Special Administration of city Ismail was established. It included the cities of Reni and Kiliya, localities Cugurlui, Sofian, Brosaca, Hadji-Kurdish, Hasan-Spaga, Câsla, Muravleovka, Cimașir, Vylkove. Commanders of Ismail and Kilya fortresses and the Danube fleet commander were subject to the head of the Special Administration, but border service and the quarantine remained in the responsibility of the military governor. In the district which was under his subordination, the head of the Special Administration of the city Ismail was administrating the police and quarantine service, based on those provisions and instructions issued to heads of special administration of Odessa, Taganrog and Feodosia cities, being directlysubordinate to the General Governor of Novorosia and Bessarabia. Customs Service in the Special Administration of the city Ismail remained under the control of imperial institutions.
Ismail county is changing its name to County Leova, to which were passed from the Bender Land, the Leova fair, 3 settlements of state and 28 landlord settlements. From Ismail to fair of Leova the County Court, Local Court, Treasury County, Prosecutor and Engineer Land were transferred and a city magistrate was established. For maintenance of Special Administration of the city Ismail and chancery annually were allocated 3100 silver roubles.
General S.A. Tucikov was named the Head of the Special Administration of the Ismail city by the Senate decision of 27 September 1830, confirmed by emperor on 27 December 1830. On January 13 1831 S.A. Tucikov informs I.M. Sorokunski, General Governor of Novorosia and Bessarabia on this imperial decision. On January 31 1831 Regional Administration of Bessarabia discusses the modalities of institution of the Special Administration of the Ismail city. On 13 May 1831 Regional Administration of Bessarabia transmits to the general S.A. Tucikov all the attributions referring to the Special Administrative Ismail city.
Analysis of unpublished archival sources and specialized publications allows us to ascertain that special administrations created favourable conditions for business activity of commercial bourgeoisie. At the same time the special administrations was an attempted to extend the autonomy of urban municipalities to regional and central bodies of power, without carrying out a reform in this respect. This allowed the abolition of function at any time to regain authority over municipal finances. In other words, the establishment of special government was a temporary way to facilitate the development of cities-ports on the Black Sea and Azov Sea, without touching the bankrupt system Russian city found itself in first half of 19th century.
In 1857, with the passage of territory in southern Bessarabia to the Principality of Moldova, Special Administrative Ismail city ceased to exist.
Valentin Tomuleț
Jewish colonies in Bessarabia in the 19th century
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. V [XX], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Valentin Tomuleț, Cristina Gherasim
Some considerations on factors that generated mentality shifts of the landlords in Bessarabia under tsarist domination (1812-1817)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. IV [XIX], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Valentin Tomuleț
Maria Danilov, Cenzura sinodală și cartea religioasă în Basarabia. 1812-1918 (între tradiție și politica țaristă), Biblioteca Tyragetia XIII. – Chișinău, 2007 (Tipogr. „Bons Offi ces”), 264 p.
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. II [XVII], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Valentin Tomuleț, Victoria Bivol
The elites of Bessarabian bourgeoisie: Armenian and Greek wholesale merchants (1812-1868)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VI [XXI], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
Valentin Tomuleț
Bessarabian bourgeoisie in modern age (Classification, characteristics, evolution)
Tyragetia, serie nouă, vol. VI [XXI], nr. 2, Istorie. Muzeologie
To mark the 150th anniversary of the birth of the great Romanian sculptor Constantin Brâncuși, 2026 was declared by the President of Romania the Year of Constantin Brâncuși. Constantin Brâncuși, one of the greatest sculptors of the twentieth century, was born in 1876 in Hobița, Gorj County, and passed away in 1957 in Paris; he was buried in the Père-Lachaise cemetery. In 1904 he arrived in Paris, where he attended courses at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts...
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
The National Museum of History of Moldova takes place among the most significant museum institutions of the Republic of Moldova, in terms of both its collection and scientific reputation.
31 August 1989 St., 121 A, MD 2012, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
